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Fertility and Cancer
Published in Jane M. Ussher, Joan C. Chrisler, Janette Perz, Routledge International Handbook of Women’s Sexual and Reproductive Health, 2019
Michelle Peate, Lesley Stafford, Yasmin Jayasinghe
Oocyte cryopreservation is ideal for post-pubertal women who do not have a partner or access to donor sperm, have a moral or ethical issue with preservation of embryos, and where there is enough time for ovarian stimulation. This procedure is not appropriate for prepubertal girls due to immaturity of the HPG axis and the inability to mature oocytes for collection (Stern et al., 2013).
Breast disorders in children and adolescents
Published in Joseph S. Sanfilippo, Eduardo Lara-Torre, Veronica Gomez-Lobo, Sanfilippo's Textbook of Pediatric and Adolescent GynecologySecond Edition, 2019
Nirupama K. De Silva, Monica Henning
The triple assessment (palpation, ultrasound examination, and core needle biopsy) is currently considered the gold standard for evaluation of breast masses in women younger than 30 years of age.82 There is no accepted guideline for management of breast carcinoma in children. Treatment ranges from excisional biopsy to radical mastectomy. Whenever possible, prepubertal girls should be treated initially with wide local excision.49 Estrogen and progesterone receptors should be determined. Local recurrence is treated by reexcision, or complete mastectomy. For advanced cases, modified radical mastectomy followed by radiation and chemotherapy for axillary metastasis is a widely accepted approach. Postoperative radiation reduces local recurrences.49 Prior to treatment with radiation or chemotherapy for breast cancer or other malignancies in an adolescent, the practitioner should discuss options for fertility preservation. In single females, oocyte cryopreservation should be considered and can be carried out with the help of a reproductive medicine specialist.83 Ovarian tissue cryopreservation is currently considered experimental but may be the only option for very young adolescents and prepubertal children to enable them to have their own genetic offspring. See Chapter 26 regarding fertility preservation options.
The human oocyte: Controlled-rate cooling Controlled-rate cooling
Published in David K. Gardner, Ariel Weissman, Colin M. Howles, Zeev Shoham, Textbook of Assisted Reproductive Techniques, 2017
It is possible to argue that, to date, oocyte cryopreservation has been one of the biggest steps forward in the optimization of clinical practice; indeed, improving the results arising from freezing gave us the chance to obtain a more satisfactory cumulative pregnancy rate.
First pregnancy in China after ovarian tissue transplantation to prevent premature ovarian insufficiency
Published in Climacteric, 2021
X. Ruan, J. Du, D. Lu, W. Duan, F. Jin, W. Kong, Y. Wu, Y. Dai, S. Yan, C. Yin, Y. Li, J. Cheng, C. Jia, X. Liu, Q. Wu, M. Gu, R. Ju, X. Xu, Y. Yang, J. Jin, M. Korell, M. Montag, J. Liebenthron, A. O. Mueck
The patient first tried cryopreservation of oocytes but was forced to give up due to inadequate ovarian response and urgent chemotherapy initiation. Cryopreservation of oocytes is a mature fertility protection technology, but each oocyte’s clinical pregnancy rate is only 7% [18]. Studies have shown that at least 15 cryopreserved mature oocytes are needed to obtain a relatively high pregnancy rate [5]. It would take at least two cycles of ovulation induction to cryopreserve enough mature oocytes for this patient, but this would seriously delay chemotherapy and HSCT progress. Besides, oocyte cryopreservation can only preserve the patient’s fertility and cannot restore ovarian function after transplantation. There are also risks of ovarian hyperstimulation, bleeding and infection during oocyte cryopreservation. Furthermore, the patient was unmarried at the time of consultation and could not choose to cryopreserve embryos. Therefore, OTC was the only fertility and ovarian function preservation option for this patient at that time.
Knowledge and decision making about future fertility and oocyte cryopreservation among young women
Published in Human Fertility, 2021
Eleanor L. Stevenson, Lauren Gispanski, Kristin Fields, Maria Cappadora, Melissa Hurt
While there are many contributors to subfertility including extremes in body mass index (BMI), history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and male partner fertility issues, age continues to be the most significant threat to future fertility potential in the US (Stevenson, Hurt, & Trotter, 2017). Scientific developments have provided new treatments for women with age-related subfertility, such as ovulation induction medication, intrauterine insemination, and in vitro fertilization (IVF) (Capps, Yun-Hsien, & Voo, 2014). Oocyte cryopreservation, which preserves potential fertility by freezing mature oocytes, may allow healthy women to delay childbearing without concern for the effect of age-related infertility (Stevenson et al., 2017). Because this technology preserves mature eggs for fertilization at a later date and does not require sperm from a male donor as in IVF, it allows women without partners, or those seeking to first attain educational or career goals, to sidestep the issue of age-related infertility altogether (Lewis, Missmer, Farland, & Ginsburg, 2016). As part of comprehensive fertility awareness in young adulthood, understanding the risks and benefits of oocyte cryopreservation as a potential option for young women who do not yet have concrete plans for childbearing in order to make informed decisions is important.
DuoStim: a new option for fertility preservation for a woman with Turner syndrome
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2020
Ayumu Ito, Yukiko Katagiri, Yuko Tamaki, Yusuke Fukuda, Ayako Oji, Mineto Morita
In this study, we obtained as many oocytes as possible for fertility preservation using DuoStim, which involves two stimulation phases and two oocyte retrievals within the same menstrual cycle, for a woman with TS. Oocyte cryopreservation is an established technique similar to embryo cryopreservation. Goldman reported that the live birth rate per mature oocyte of an oocyte cryopreservation cycle is not significantly different from that of a fresh in vitro fertilization cycle (2.7% vs. 4.2%, respectively) [7]. The live birth rate depends on the number of oocytes obtained. Cobo reported that the CLBR for 15 oocytes was 85.2% for women 35 years or younger. The CLBR for 11 oocytes plateaued, and there was no further increase in the CLBR with a greater number of oocytes for women 36 years or older [4]. Therefore, it is necessary to aim to retrieve 11–15 oocytes. However, not all retrieved oocytes are suitable for fertilization, and some may have abnormal karyotypes [8]. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain 15 oocytes for fertility preservation of women with TS and reduced ovarian reserve. As a result, we set our retrieval goal as 15 oocytes. Recent developments in preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) have further improved the chances of women with TS having healthy newborns.