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Complications of open thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair
Published in Sachinder Singh Hans, Mark F. Conrad, Vascular and Endovascular Complications, 2021
Cryopreservation of cellular tissue has been employed for decades. Similarly, it has been shown that hypothermia can reduce metabolic rate and oxygen demand in nervous tissue.15 Based on this principle, in 2000, Cambria and Davison developed a method for regional spinal cord hypothermia with epidural cooling that was successful in 97% of patients in their series, with a spinal cord ischemia rate of 7% overall (type I/II 12%, all other types, 2.3%) in the setting of a clamp-and-sew technique with selective intercostal reimplantation.29 While we no longer employ this technique routinely, we do continue to use mild permissive corporeal hypothermia (32–34°C) during repair. Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest has been used to hypothetically decrease rates of paralysis, but this is typically only used in TAAA operations that involve the distal arch or to avoid cross clamping aorta affected by connective tissue disease.15
Serological Typing of HLA-A, -B, and -C Antigens
Published in M. Kam, Jeffrey L. Bidwell, Handbook of HLA TYPING TECHNIQUES, 2020
The cryopreservative DMSO is essential in the freezing mixture to prevent cell damage due to ice crystal formation. It is toxic to lymphocytes and should be added in a dropwise manner to lymphocyte suspensions with constant mixing. During the cryopreservation process, the heat of crystallization is generated at about -18°C, which may damage the lymphocytes. Consequently, the rate of freezing to -30°C is slow. This reduces the cell damage because the heat of crystallization is not released instantaneously but released over a period of time.
Transfusion products
Published in Jennifer Duguid, Lawrence Tim Goodnough, Michael J. Desmond, Transfusion Medicine in Practice, 2020
Cryopreservation is used to store red cells from donors with a rare antigen composition – either lacking a high-frequency antigen or with the combined absence of several antigens that commonly sensitize patients. Patients who have multiple red cell alloantibodies or rare red cell phenotypes may also have autologous units cryopreserved prior to a planned surgical procedure.
Hypoxic conditions promote a proliferative, poorly differentiated phenotype in COPD lung tissue progenitor cells in vitro
Published in Experimental Lung Research, 2023
Tina P. Dale, Michael D. Santer, Mohammed Haris, Wei Zuo, Nicholas R. Forsyth
To produce feeder layers for co-culture, 3T3-J2 cells (Kerafast, US) were expanded (maximum of 12 additional passages from receipt) in 4.5 g/L DMEM supplemented with 10% iron-supplemented bovine calf serum (Seradigm, US), (1% (v/v) NEAA, 2 mM L-glutamine (Lonza, UK), 100 IU/mL penicillin,100μg/mL streptomycin, and 0.25 μg/mL amphotericin B. Media was changed twice per week and cells were passaged enzymatically as necessary with 0.05% (w/v) trypsin/0.02% (w/v) EDTA. Cells were inactivated by culture in the presence of 10 μg/mL of mitomycin C (Tocris, UK) in culture media for 2 h, followed by 3 PBS washes, trypsinization, and cryopreservation until required. Cells were recovered from cryopreservation at a density of 1.5 x 104 cells/cm2 approximately 16–24 h before being needed.
The phenotype of cryopreserved platelets influences the formation of platelet-leukocyte aggregates in an in vitro model
Published in Platelets, 2023
Ben Winskel-Wood, Matthew P. Padula, Denese C. Marks, Lacey Johnson
Platelet transfusion is commonly used to promote hemostasis in patients presenting with acute bleeding. Currently, platelet components are stored at room-temperature (2024°C), limiting the shelf-life to 5–7 days due to the risk of bacterial proliferation and a gradual reduction in hemostatic effectiveness.1,2 Consequently, maintaining inventories in remote medical centers is difficult. This has prompted the evaluation of alternative storage methodologies, including platelet cryopreservation.3–5 Cryopreservation extends component shelf-life to at least two years and enhances hemostatic parameters in vitro, addressing the primary limitations of room-temperature storage.6,7 The effect of cryopreservation on the hemostatic characteristics of platelets is well documented, and includes the increased exposure of activation makers (phosphatidylserine, P-selectin), decreased surface abundance of selected glycoproteins (GPVI, GPIbα) and an enhanced capacity to generate thrombin.3–8 However, less information is available regarding the impact of cryopreservation on the immune characteristics of platelets.9–11
Genetic modification and preconditioning strategies to enhance functionality of mesenchymal stromal cells: a clinical perspective
Published in Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 2023
Kasra Moeinabadi-Bidgoli, Radman Mazloomnejad, Alireza Beheshti Maal, Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei, Mandana Kazem Arki, Nikoo Hossein-Khannazer, Massoud Vosough
Another harmful step in cell production is cryopreservation and cell banking. In most cases, preparation of the MSCs includes ex vivo expansion, cryogenic banking, thawing the banked MSCs at the bedside, and administering it to the patients [33]. Mathay et al. in a retrospective study demonstrated that the viability of the MSCs decreased significantly after cryopreservation which resulted in the failure of the phase II clinical trial assessing the MSCs as a treatment for ARDS [34]. Moll et al. showed that cryopreservation predisposes MSCs to faster clearance by immune cells and shorter lifespan in the recipient body [35]. In another study, it was shown that cryopreservation and the thawing process had a negative impact on the cell’s structural components such as actin cytoskeleton [36]. In contrast, there are reports of MSCs preserving their biological capabilities following certain cryopreservation techniques [37,38]. These differences highlight the importance of different cryopreservation techniques and their application in clinical settings.