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Running
Published in Ira Glick, Danielle Kamis, Todd Stull, The ISSP Manual of Sports Psychiatry, 2018
Similar to other addictions, exercise addiction can be defined as excessive exercise undertaken to provide either pleasure or relief from internal discomfort (e.g., from stress or anxiety). It is characterized by repeated failure to control the behavior and maintenance of the behavior in spite of negative consequences (Goodman, 1990). Associated symptoms include tolerance (increasing amounts of exercise needed to get the desired effect), withdrawal (anxiety, irritability, restlessness, and insomnia in the absence of exercise), lack of control (unsuccessful attempts to cut down), intention effects (unable to adhere to one’s intended exercise regimen), time (great amount of time spent preparing for, engaging in, or recovering from exercise), reduction in other activities, and continuing to exercise despite knowing it is causing problems (Griffiths, 2005).
Process Use Disorders
Published in Tricia L. Chandler, Fredrick Dombrowski, Tara G. Matthews, Co-occurring Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders, 2022
Fredrick Dombrowski, Tara G. Matthews
Sex and Love Addiction: https://saa-recovery.org/https://coda.org/https://slaafws.org/Gambling Disorder: www.gamblersanonymous.org/ga/www.ncpgambling.org/programs-resources/resources/ Internet Addiction https://virtual-addiction.com/resources/http://netaddiction.com/ Gaming Addiction https://americanaddictioncenters.org/video-gaming-addictionwww.netaddictionrecovery.com/video-game-addiction-treatment/ Food Addiction www.foodaddictionresources.com/https://foodaddictioninstitute.org/https://foodaddiction.com/ Exercise Addiction http://addictionexperts.com/types-of-addiction/exercise-addiction/
Morbid Exercise Behavior
Published in Henning Budde, Mirko Wegner, The Exercise Effect on Mental Health, 2018
Attila Szabo, Zsolt Demetrovics, Mark D. Griffiths
Indeed, exercise addiction has two distinctive features, that in addition to high risk scores on screening tools, should affirm the morbid nature of the behavior. The first is loss of control and the second is a negative consequence to the physical or social health of the person. A false belief, or the expectation that exercise is the solution (for example) to escape stress, is also a general feature of exercise addiction. This false belief, leading to (1) compulsive urges and tolerance, (2) frequent and intense exercise sessions at times when the urge becomes unbearable, and (3) exercise tolerance with short-duration relief after exercise, represent a morbid pattern of the behavior. In contrast to eating disorders, exercise addiction involves the loss of control, the uncontrolled urge to exercise, and a compulsion fuelled by false expectation(s). These are the morbid aspects of the exercise behavior that are not usually observed in eating disorder, which is a relatively common morbidity in contrast to primary exercise addiction which is much rarer. In fact, Bamber, Cockerill, and Carroll (2000) suggested that primary exercise addiction may not even warrant serious scholastic attention. In spite of the ongoing heated debate in acknowledging primary and/or secondary exercise addiction, Veale (1995) affirmed that primary exercise addiction exists but it is very rare. This assertion of rarity is corroborated by empirical research showing that the risk for exercise addiction is approximately 0.3%–0.5% of the population (Mónok et al. 2012). The present authors believe that high volumes of exercise could only be perceived as morbid when addiction is also present, that usually means an escape and temporary psychological relief from the pain of something else in the person’s life. In most eating disorders, the morbidity is associated with various psychological problems resulting in distorted and an unacceptable body image and self-concept. One should be able to see the relatively large difference between escape and/or pain avoidance (in exercise addiction) and drive for thinness (in eating disorders). Therefore, exercise addiction should not be classified as primary or secondary, but simply as a morbid pattern of behavior.
Excessive bodybuilding as pathology? A first neurophysiological classification
Published in The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 2019
Moritz Julian Maier, Florian Benedikt Haeussinger, Martin Hautzinger, Andreas Jochen Fallgatter, Ann-Christine Ehlis
Exercise addiction is a generic concept, which includes behavioural abnormalities that are strongly correlated to exercise activities in a pathological way, and can lead to various negative consequences with psychological processes comparable to other non-substance-related addictions (Breuer and Kleinert 2009). Exercise addicts report that exercise is so important for them that they neglect fundamental aspects of life such as family, friends, career or health (Hausenblas and Downs 2002a). Many of the diagnostic criteria for substance-related addictions of the DSM-IV are applicable to exercise addiction (Allegre et al. 2006; Szabo et al. 2013). For example, psychological withdrawal symptoms, such as increased exertion, anxiety or feelings of guilt, have been reported (Krivoschekov and Lushnikov 2011). Furthermore, affected persons often spend an excessive amount of time and mental focus on addiction-related processes (Bamber et al. 2000; Breuer and Kleinert 2009), and they continue their exercises despite serious negative consequences concerning their health or interpersonal relations (Breuer and Kleinert 2009; Krivoschekov and Lushnikov 2011).
Effect of physical therapy management of nonspecific low back pain with exercise addiction behaviors: A case series
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2018
Sudarshan Anandkumar, Murugavel Manivasagam, Vivian Tie Suk Kee, Uta Meyding-Lamade
In general, regular exercising has a beneficial effect on the physical, social and psychological well-being, helping improve the quality of life (Warburton et al., 2006). However, indiscriminate use of exercises can result in negative effects, which by itself can lead to pain, physical injuries and functional limitations (Carfagno and Hendrix, 2014). Behaviors of compulsive, obligatory dependency on physical activity with an inability to suppress the desire to exercise results in excessive exercising and is termed as exercise addiction (EA) (Jee, 2016). Although EA is not currently enlisted in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV), it is recognized as a non-substance addictive behavior (Lichtenstein et al., 2014).
Relearning to Live Life Without Substances: A Grounded Theory of the Impact of Group Physical Exercise on Sobriety
Published in Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions, 2018
EVA NOWAKOWSKI-SIMS, Katie Bullard
Of concern in this study was the underrepresentation of minorities. Group exercise programs are often compromised by unequal access, where the cost prevents many from accessing its benefits. There is also concern with excessive exercise where persons in recovery are replacing one addiction with the next and the competitive spirit might fuel an addictive personality to overdo it (Linke & Ussher, 2015). Future studies should examine the extent and nature of exercise addiction among those with substance use disorders. Treatment programs, policymakers, and other stakeholders should consider group exercise as an adjunct treatment option for persons in recovery.