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The cases
Published in Chris Schelvan, Annabel Copeman, Jacky Davis, Annmarie Jeanes, Jane Young, Paediatric Radiology for MRCPCH and FRCR, 2020
Chris Schelvan, Annabel Copeman, Jacky Davis, Annmarie Jeanes, Jane Young
This 3-week-old boy was noted by the community midwife to have persisting jaundice. Ultrasound showed a non-dilated biliary tree but the gallbladder was not visualized. This HIDA scan (hepatic nuclear medicine scan) was carried out as part of his investigations.
Surgery
Published in Seema Khan, Get Through, 2020
Ultrasonography has a 95% sensitivity for gallstones that are >2 mm. Ultrasonography is unreliable in picking up stones in the common biliary duct or cystic duct. A HIDA scan is used if gallstone disease is suspected but not demonstrated on an ultrasound scan.
Single best answer (SBA)
Published in Tristan Barrett, Nadeem Shaida, Ashley Shaw, Adrian K. Dixon, Radiology for Undergraduate Finals and Foundation Years, 2018
Tristan Barrett, Nadeem Shaida, Ashley Shaw, Adrian K. Dixon
The patient has features suggestive of cholecystitis or biliary colic; ultrasound is the first line radiological investigation. Without signs of peritonism or perforation, an erect CXR is not indicated. There is no role for AXR in the workup of suspected cholecystitis. CT can be considered if complications are suspected (gallbladder abscess / perforation), or if US is negative and a differential diagnosis is being considered. A 99mTc-HIDA scan is a more specialised investigation looking at biliary drainage or for a bile leak.
Neonatal hemochromatosis in a newborn with Down syndrome
Published in Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, 2020
Rasheeda M, Suvendu Purkait, Amit Kumar Satapathy, Joseph John, Susama Patra, Suvradeep Mitra
The hematological and the biochemical parameters are tabulated in Table 1. There were anemia, thrombocytopenia and neutrophilic leukocytosis. This time, the peripheral blood smear did not show any atypical cells. There was unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia with low total protein and hypoalbuminemia. Alkaline phosphatase was normal with 10 times elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST). However, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels remained close to 100 IU/L. Thyroid profile of the child was normal. HIV and HBsAg were non-reactive. TORCH screening and screening for inborn errors of metabolism were negative. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was negative and did not highlight any metabolic disorder. Karyotyping of the child showed trisomy 21 (Fig. 1a). An ultrasound of the abdomen showed mildly heterogeneous echotexture of the liver with prominent portal triads along with mild splenomegaly and gross ascites. A HIDA scan could not be performed due to the severity of the sickness. A possibility of Down syndrome-associated neonatal cholestasis secondary to transient myeloproliferative disorder or sepsis-induced secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis was considered.
Acute pancreatitis secondary to the use of the anabolic steroid trenbolone acetate
Published in Clinical Toxicology, 2019
Vidhya Kumar, Danny Issa, George Smallfield, Doumit Bouhaidar
He returned to the outside institution for recurrent intractable abdominal pain two weeks later and underwent a more extensive evaluation. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and computerized tomography (CT) of abdomen and pelvis did not demonstrate bile duct dilatation, evidence of choledocolithiasis or pancreas divisum. Endoscopic ultrasound showed minimal stranding and diffuse mild enlargement of the pancreatic head, biliary sludge, and non-dilated common bile duct with no filling defect. HIDA scan revealed benign biliary sludge. Eventually, ERCP with sphincterotomy and biliary stenting was performed, after which the patient underwent a cholecystectomy for the benign biliary sludge.
Evaluation of gallstone classification and their diagnosis through serum parameters as emerging tools in treatment: a narrative review
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2022
Bhavna Sharma, Shubha Rani Sharma
These stones can be diagnosed by imaging techniques such as ultrasound and oral cholecystogram. But in some cases, other techniques are also used which include CT scan, Cholescintigraphy (HIDA scan) and, Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Surgical methods include laparoscopic cholecystectomy and open cholecystectomy [7]. To date, the benchmark of the treatment of gallstones is cholecystectomy though a contact dissolution therapy by the use of organic solvent as well as herbal solutions have been researched upon. The dissolution of radiolucent gallstones is carried out by a mixture, which consists of plant terpenes [8,9].