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Gallbladder–Biliary Dyskinesia/ Functional Gallbladder Disorder/Cystic Duct Syndrome
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
The gallbladder is a four-inch long, pear-shaped organ under the liver on the right side of the upper abdomen that stores bile from the liver, which digests fats. Biliary dyskinesia, where bile does not drain out of the gallbladder properly, is an increasingly common functional disease of the gallbladder. Patients with this condition present with gallbladder (biliary-type) pain, but show no evidence of gallstones in the gallbladder. In classic biliary colic, or a gallbladder attack, the pain is identical to a symptomatic gallstone. (See Gallstone Disease below.) Attacks are often brought on by a heavy or fatty meal.
Biomedical psychiatry, Native American identity, and the politics of visibility in Elissa Washuta’s My Body Is a Book of Rules
Published in Joanna Ziarkowska, Indigenous Bodies, Cells, and Genes, 2020
Relinquishing the blood metaphor makes it possible to look critically at biomedical imagery in general. At college, Elissa undergoes a gallbladder removal surgery. Gallbladder disease, by Elissa’s Native friends described as “the Indian curse,” is believed to be more common among Native Americans. However, scientists do not univocally support this view.22 Since the experience of the malfunctioning organ might be used as proof of Elissa’s Indianness, she does not reveal that, “[her] white dad had his gallbladder out too” (153). The discourse of racial susceptibility, discussed at length in Chapter 1 in relation to tuberculosis, is here humorously dismissed and demonstrated as a strategic rather than medical apparatus.
Abdominal surgery
Published in Roy Palmer, Diana Wetherill, Medicine for Lawyers, 2020
Prior to 1990 all gallbladders were removed using an open surgical incision. This involved making an incision in the upper right-hand comer of the abdomen. The gallbladder was exposed and dissected free from the liver. The cystic duct (draining bile from the gallbladder into the bile ducts) and the cystic artery (the artery supplying the gallbladder) were divided. Having removed the gallbladder it was common practice to leave a drain to the gallbladder bed, the abdominal wound was closed and the patient recovered over a period of 3–5 days.
Response to: ‘The effect of cholecystectomy on the risk of acute myocardial infarction in patients with gallbladder stones’
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2022
Chien-Hua Chen, Cheng-Li Lin, Chia-Hung Kao
We only compared the risk of AMI (acute myocardial infarction) between the gallbladder stone patients with and without cholecystectomy to avoid misclassification of asymptomatic gallbladder stones into no gallbladder stones. The literature has validated the high accuracy of medical diagnoses in the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, including AMI, but we cannot find any reference to validate the accuracy of gallbladder stones or cholecystectomy to our knowledge [2,3]. We find high accuracy by analyzing 50 chart records for the diagnosis of gallbladder stones and the claims for cholecystectomy, respectively. The patients are randomly selected in Changhua Show-Chwan Memorial Hospital, a 500-bed community hospital in Taiwan, from the inpatient claims database between 2000 and 2010. The diagnosis of gallbladder stones is ascertained by ultrasound, and cholecystectomy is verified by operation note.
Type 1 Choledochal Cyst with Ectopic Pancreas and Septate Gallbladder
Published in Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, 2022
Amir-Hossein Akbari, Juan Putra
Ectopic pancreas is most commonly found in the upper gastrointestinal tract (90%) and often thought to result from anomalous development of the fetal pancreas (12, 13). Foci of ectopic pancreas in association with CCs are usually identified incidentally on pathologic examination. Sharma et al. reported that 6.5% of choledochal cysts examined at their institution contained ectopic pancreatic tissue (11). Septate gallbladders, secondary to incomplete cavitation of the gallbladder bud, are infrequent in children and may demonstrate nonspecific biliary symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting (14). The associations of the aforementioned anomalies with CCs highlight their embryologic association, as these structures (gallbladder, bile duct, and ventral pancreas) are derived from ventral foregut diverticulum (8).
The relationship between UGT1A1 gene & various diseases and prevention strategies
Published in Drug Metabolism Reviews, 2022
Dan Liu, Qi Yu, Qing Ning, Zhongqiu Liu, Jie Song
The liver is the main drug-metabolizing organ that maintains the normal function of the living system. However, high-intensity liver burdens, such as alcoholism, medication, and infection, may impair the liver’s detoxification function, and other organ cells may also be negatively affected. Liver cells secrete bile every day. The gallbladder is the digestive organ in the human body. Its main function is to store and concentrate bile. Therefore, there is an old saying in Traditional Chinese medicine theory that liver and gallbladder assist each other, and are interconnected. Cholestasis or the formation of secondary stones is symptoms of gallbladder disease. Herein, we summarize the hepatobiliary diseases associated with UGT1A1, shown in Figure 2. And the corresponding treatment strategies reported in the literature are summarized, as shown in Table 1.