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Complications of Rhinosinusitis
Published in R James A England, Eamon Shamil, Rajeev Mathew, Manohar Bance, Pavol Surda, Jemy Jose, Omar Hilmi, Adam J Donne, Scott-Brown's Essential Otorhinolaryngology, 2022
Early symptoms are often non-specific such as headache, fever, seizure, drowsiness, diplopia (cranial nerve VI palsy), eye pain and nausea. There may not be symptoms and signs of acute rhinosinusitis. Adolescent males are most affected, which may be due to the vascularity of the diploic system. There may be specific neurological symptoms with a well-defined intracranial abscess including acute pain or possible loss of consciousness associated with meningitis.
Cranial Neuropathies I, V, and VII–XII
Published in Philip B. Gorelick, Fernando D. Testai, Graeme J. Hankey, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Hankey's Clinical Neurology, 2020
Treat the underlying cause, if possible. Rhinosinusitis can be treated with steroids and antibiotic therapy. Structural causes can be treated with surgery. Smoking cessation can improve tobacco-related causes. Nutritional deficiency can be treated with repletion,14 but symptoms may not be responsive to treatment.17
Nasal problems in the athlete
Published in John W. Dickinson, James H. Hull, Complete Guide to Respiratory Care in Athletes, 2020
Rhinosinusitis describes inflammation of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses. It is characterised by nasal congestion/blockage, nasal discharge, facial pain/pressure and hyposmia/anosmia. Both rhinitis and rhinosinusitis may have significant impacts on daily activities, school/work performance, sleep and overall quality of life. These conditions are commonly encountered in athletes, with certain sports associated with particularly high incidence. They may cause troublesome symptoms and reduce quality of life, just as in the general population, and might also impair performance. Treatment is usually straightforward but requires recognition of the problem. Treatment in athletes should follow well-established, evidence-based guidelines with a few additional considerations.
HO-1: a new marker for predicting postoperative recurrence of CRSwNP
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2023
Min-Jie Gong, Yu-sheng Wang, Miao Lou, Rui-ping Ma, Zhen-zhen Hu, Guo-xi Zheng, Ya Zhang
14 healthy controls, 31 patients with CRSsNP, and 32 patients with CRSwNP were recruited in this study. The controls were other diseases requiring nasal endoscopic treatment such as trauma and cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea. The diagnosis of CRSwNP and CRSsNP was determined based on physical symptoms, nasal endoscopy and CT imaging and with reference to the guidelines of the European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2012 [8]. Allergy was determined based on the patient’s history of allergy, skin prick and IgE examination. Patients with fungal sinusitis, aspirin intolerance, severe systemic immune disease and those who had used glucocorticoid or immunosuppressive therapy in the 4 weeks prior to the procedure were not included in this study. All patients with chronic rhinosinusitis were treated with an intranasal corticosteroid spray and nasal saline irrigation for 3 months after surgery. Recurrence of CRSwNP in this study was defined as a recurrence of nasal congestion and runny nose for more than one week after 12 months, and other diseases were excluded. The Medical Ethics Committee of Xi’an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital approved this study.
CT imaging features of paranasal sinuses in children with primary ciliary dyskinesia
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2022
Huiying Lyu, Zhuoyao Guo, Chao Chen, Bo Duan, Zhengmin Xu, Wenxia Chen
Rhinosinusitis was present in all 17 (100%) patients on the paranasal sinus CT scans (Figure 1). We observed otitis media with effusion on CT scans in 14 (82.4%) patients, grade 2 adenoidal hypertrophy based on adenoid/nasopharyngeal ratio on sagittal reconstructed image of CT scans [12] in 3 (17.6%) patients in our cohort (Table 3). Five patients got nasal endoscopy, but no nasal polyps were observed. Situs inversus totalis was observed in 8 (47.1%) patients on the chest CT scans. Nine (52.9%) patients had localized consolidation. Eleven (64.7%) patients had atelectasis of lung. Six (35.3%) patients had different degrees of bronchiectasis. Sixteen patients were born at term, one patient was born prematurely, and eight (47.1%) patients had a history of neonatal respiratory distress. Echocardiogram found that one (5.9%) patient had atrial and ventricular septal defects.
Management of adult asthma and chronic rhinitis as one airway disease
Published in Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine, 2021
Angelica Tiotiu, Plamena Novakova, Guidos Guillermo, Jaime Correira de Sousa, Fulvio Braido
The exact pathogenesis of CRS remains unknown but a dysfunctional interaction between the host and environmental factors at the interface of the sinonasal mucosa is a pertinent theory. In addition, defective secretions drainage due to osteomeatal complex occlusion could favor secretion retention and bacterial proliferation with subsequent mucosa damage that leads to chronification of infection. Even then, the most common organism isolated in patients with community-acquired rhinosinusitis exacerbations is Staphylococcus aureus, other organisms could be identified via cultures or molecular techniques: coagulase negative Staphylococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Propionibacterium, Peptostreptococcus,Peptoniphilus, Prevotella, Bacterioides, and Porphyromonas species. Nosocomial rhinosinusitis exacerbations are predominantly caused by gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae [127].