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Allergic Rhinitis
Published in R James A England, Eamon Shamil, Rajeev Mathew, Manohar Bance, Pavol Surda, Jemy Jose, Omar Hilmi, Adam J Donne, Scott-Brown's Essential Otorhinolaryngology, 2022
Other causes of rhinitis may have similar symptoms, but allergic disease can be diagnosed by correlating typical symptoms with diagnostic tests such as skin prick tests or measurement of specific IgE levels in the blood.
Rhinitis
Published in Pudupakkam K Vedanthan, Harold S Nelson, Shripad N Agashe, PA Mahesh, Rohit Katial, Textbook of Allergy for the Clinician, 2021
Vinay Mehta, Srinivasan Ramanuja, Pramod S Kelkar
The most effective single therapy for patients with rhinitis is an intranasal corticosteroid spray (Bousquet et al. 2019). Other therapies include oral antihistamines, antihistamine nasal sprays, oral decongestants, mast cell stabilizers, leukotriene modifiers and nasal anticholinergics. These medication categories will be briefly reviewed (Table 8.4). Further details are found in Chapter 14: Pharmacotherapy of Rhinitis and Asthma. Nasal decongestants and systemic corticosteroids should be avoided due to potential deleterious side effects.
Diagnosis of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Published in Jay A. Goldstein, Chronic Fatigue Syndromes, 2020
Local nasal problems include allergic rhinitis or perennial rhinitis, intolerance of odors or fumes, and alteration in the sense of smell or taste. Rhinitis is extremely common and should not always be treated symptomatically. I order CT scans of the sinuses more frequently now in the fatigued patient with rhinitis; they are much more accurate than sinus X rays for diagnosing occult sinusitis. Many CFS symptoms, especially fatigue, will often improve when sinusitis is diagnosed and treated. On the other hand, numerous patients have had surgical procedures which have benefitted them transiently, if at all. Patients with environmental illnesses sometimes describe a generalization of their intolerances. Could this be due to kindling in the pyriform cortex?
Updates in the diagnosis and practical management of allergic rhinitis
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 2023
Chiara Trincianti, Maria Angela Tosca, Giorgio Ciprandi
Allergic rhinitis is the most frequent IgE-mediated disease and recognizes a type 2 phenotype characterized by eosinophilic infiltrate and allergen exposure-dependent inflammation [68]. Although it is well known, and several guidelines have established precise diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols, controlling allergic rhinitis is not optimal in most patients [69]. In this regard, an attracting issue concerns the availability of simple biomarkers measuring type 2 inflammation. That is, it is well known that allergic inflammation may be present despite symptoms, such as the concept of minimal persistent inflammation [70]. In other words, the possibility of documenting the presence and severity of type 2 inflammation can modulate the use of antiallergic treatments. In fact, patients prefer to take drugs on demand, but this approach could be inappropriate, mainly if inflammation persists also without overt symptoms. In this regard, a trivial blood cell count is recommended for getting a rough idea of the degree of type 2 inflammation [71]. However, it remains desirable to also have biomarkers that can predict the response to AIT and define the efficacy so that treatment can be discontinued judiciously.
Reduced forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of vital capacity in children with allergic rhinitis without asthmatic symptoms
Published in Journal of Asthma, 2023
Jue Seong Lee, Sang Hyun Park, Han Ho Kim, So Hyun Ahn, Eunji Kim, Seunghyun Kim, Wonsuck Yoon, Young Yoo
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 144 aged 6–18 years non-asthmatic children with rhinitis symptoms who attended the Allergy Clinic of Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, between September 2019 and August 2021. This is a part of ‘Environmental Health Center Program’ for socioeconomically disadvantaged children funded by the Ministry of Environment, South Korea. If patients had clinical symptoms of rhinitis, rhinologic examination and blood tests were conducted as routine clinical practice. In addition, we asked them to perform pulmonary function and FeNO tests after they agreed to participate in this ‘Program’. Only the medical records of children with AR who performed all above tests were retrospectively reviewed (n = 144). The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Korea University Anam Hospital (No. 2019AN0331).
Tinospora Cordifolia: A review of its immunomodulatory properties
Published in Journal of Dietary Supplements, 2022
Charles R. Yates, Eugene J. Bruno, Mary E. D. Yates
Allergic rhinitis involves type 2 helper (Th2) cell driven mucosal inflammation caused by IgE-mediated reactions to inhaled allergens (Bousquet et al. 2008). Allergic rhinitis symptoms include sneezing, nasal pruritis, airway obstruction, and clear nasal discharge. It is estimated that up to 40% of people with allergic rhinitis have or will have asthma (Shaaban et al. 2008). Due to T. cordifolia’s anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties, Badar et al. conducted a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy of T. cordifolia extract in individuals with allergic rhinitis (Badar et al. 2005). Patients (n=75) were randomized to receive either placebo or an aqueous extract of T. cordifolia stem (300mg/day) orally for eight weeks. After eight weeks, subjects receiving T. cordifolia extract reported experiencing less sneezing, nasal discharge, nasal obstruction and itching compared to subjects in the placebo arm. In addition, T. cordifolia treated subjects were found to have reduced eosinophil and neutrophil counts, as well as absent goblet cells, in their nasal smears. T. cordifolia was well-tolerated and leukocyte numbers and cytology results correlated with clinical findings implying that T. cordifolia may serve as a natural remedy for sufferers of allergic rhinitis.