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Skin infections
Published in Ronald Marks, Richard Motley, Common Skin Diseases, 2019
Lupus vulgaris is a rare disorder causing a slowly progressive, granulomatous plaque on the skin caused by the tubercle bacillus. It slowly increases in size, over one to three decades. It often has a thickened psoriasiform appearance, but blanching with a glass microscope slide (diascopy) will reveal grey–green foci (‘apple jelly nodules’) due to the underlying granulomatous inflammation.
Bacterial and parasitic infections
Published in Aimilios Lallas, Enzo Errichetti, Dimitrios Ioannides, Dermoscopy in General Dermatology, 2018
Ignacio Gómez Martín, Balachandra Suryakant Ankad, Enzo Errichetti, Aimilios Lallas, Dimitrios Ioannides, Pedro Zaballos
Cutaneous tuberculosis is a skin infection mainly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.1 In regard with classification, it is divided into primary infection, in which there has been no previous exposure to the organism, and secondary forms, as a result of either reinfection or reactivation.1 Lupus vulgaris represents the most common form of reinfection; it affects individuals of all ages, with a female predilection.1
Infections and infestations affecting the nail
Published in Eckart Haneke, Histopathology of the NailOnychopathology, 2017
This type of skin tuberculosis is also called lupus vulgaris. Most lesions occur in cool regions of the body, for instance the face, nose, and ears. One or a few well-circumscribed reddish-brown lesions are seen that tend to ulcerate. Pressing on such a lesion with a glass slide makes the blood disappear and an apple jelly color is seen. The chronic lesion tends to ulcerate anew in the old cicatricial areas leading to mutilation (which gave the name to the disease: lupus [Latin] wolf—thus devouring skin disease). Over time, squamous cell carcinoma may develop in long-standing lupus vulgaris. It is apparently very rare in the nail apparatus.121
Maternal and fetal outcomes of SLE in pregnancy: a literature review
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2023
Abdul Basit Sangah, Sidra Jabeen, Meklit Zenbabaw Hunde, Sunita Devi, Hassan Mumtaz, Shazia Saleem Shaikh
It is noted that SLE often begins in early adulthood (Petri 2020). It is well established that SLE patients may have various symptoms, such as tiredness, skin rashes, fevers, and joint discomfort or swelling (CDC 2022). Some individuals may have flares of SLE symptoms every so often, perhaps even years apart, and then go into remission at other times (CDC 2022). There are various reasons for Lupus (SLE), including a drug-induced nature (Rubin 2005). Long-term treatment with over 40 drugs has been linked to drug-induced lupus (Rubin 2005). The drug-induced Lupus (SLE)’s clinical and analytical aspects are identical to systemic lupus erythematosus, except that individuals completely recover after discontinuing the offending medicine (Rubin 2005). Lupus (SLE) could also manifest as Lupus Mastitis (Cerveira et al.2006). It can also present as the most prevalent type of cutaneous TB, which is lupus vulgaris (Sirka et al.2021). Plaque-like, ulcerative, hypertrophic, vegetative, papular, and nodular forms are among the clinical types of lupus vulgaris (Pai et al.2014). SLE can causes complications during pregnancy too (Derksen 1991). It has long been believed that pregnancy worsens the symptoms of maternal SLE by causing exacerbations (Derksen 1991).
Common dermatological conditions in the HIV patient
Published in South African Family Practice, 2019
Cutaneous tuberculosis is divided into three categories as follows: Inoculation tuberculosis, a primary infection of the skin that is introduced by an exogenous source, e.g. lupus vulgaris and tuberculous chancre.Secondary tuberculosis, either by contiguous or haematogenous spread from a primary focus that leads to involvement of the skin, e.g. scrofuloderma.Tuberculids which are hypersensitivity reactions to M. tuberculosis components, e.g. papulonecrotic tuberculid, erythema induratum of Bazin and lichen scrofulosorum.
Imaging the hidden in dermatology across history
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2018
What is hidden in observations in morphology is functionality. Innovative clinicians and researchers imagined what micromorphology means in terms of functionality. Driven by imagination, extensive physiological, immunological and molecular genetic research developed in the second half of the 20th century. Immunology has developed our understanding of immunodermatoses. Lupus vulgaris, once, a frequently occurring disease with tissueloss due to tuberculosis, appear to harbour lupus erythematodes, with immunodepositions pathognomonic for the immunodermatosis lupus erythematosus. Later the follicular hyperkeratose were recognised as hallmark of the disease. A similar development occurred for blistering diseases. The immunological classification revealed hidden hallmarks, which became visible after understanding the disease in the light of immunodermatology.