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Boils/Styes
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Small and painful pus-filled bumps (about the size of a pea) under the skin are known as boils. They are typically red, swollen, and tender and often increase in size over time. Most boils are caused by a staphylococcus infection in a hair follicle or a sweat gland. A boil that occurs on the eyelid is called a stye. Most boils and styes heal on their own within one to three weeks.
Head and neck surgery
Published in Mark Davenport, James D. Geiger, Nigel J. Hall, Steven S. Rothenberg, Operative Pediatric Surgery, 2020
There is no need to shave the eyebrow for the procedure. The eyelids are taped closed or covered with a plastic adhesive to prevent soiling of the eye. Scalp hair can be matted down with a water-based lubricant jelly to avoid it coming into the field. A head towel can be used to maintain the sterile field.
Ophthalmic Emergencies
Published in Anthony FT Brown, Michael D Cadogan, Emergency Medicine, 2020
Anthony FT Brown, Michael D Cadogan
Blepharitis is an infection of the eyelid margin, causing red, itchy, crusted lids, which may become chronic with seborrhoeic dermatitis, rosacea or allergy. Styes and chalazions are commonly associated.
More than just a stye: identifying seasonal patterns using google trends, and a review of infodemiological literature in ophthalmology
Published in Orbit, 2023
Tejus Pradeep, Advaitaa Ravipati, Samyuktha Melachuri, Roxana Fu
A stye (hordeolum) is an infection localized to the eyelid that can present as a tender, erythematous, swollen lesion. It is usually caused by an inflammatory response induced by an acute infectious source, with most cases caused by Staphylococcus aureus.1 Styes are known to be associated with skin conditions like rosacea, blepharitis, seborrheic dermatitis, and systemic conditions such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia.2,3 While styes are a common diagnosis for patients with a painful eye,4 its incidence and prevalence are unknown. This highlights an important reality: the incidence or prevalence of common conditions is relatively unknown, especially those with straightforward treatments. When looking at the case of styes, it is unlikely that valuable time and resources would be devoted to conducting an epidemiological study of its prevalence, when its treatment is simple.
Labial mucosa grafting for lid margin, anterior lamellar, and posterior lamellar correction in recurrent cicatricial entropion
Published in Orbit, 2021
Swati Singh, Purvasha Narang, Vikas Mittal
Cicatricial entropion, a less common variety of entropion seen in cicatrizing ocular surface disorders, burns, trauma, etc., can involve both upper and lower eyelids.1,2 The characteristic features of cicatricial entropion include malrotation of the lid margin, migration or loss of mucocutaneous junction, forniceal shortening, and scarring in the tarsoconjunctival area. Lid margin keratinization produces lid-wiper keratopathy and requires replacement with mucous membrane graft (MMG).2,3 The surgical correction is aimed at lengthening the posterior lamella and restoration of the lid margin to resolve lid-wiper keratopathy without recurrence. Recurrences are commonly seen in these cases due to ongoing ocular surface inflammation, repeated surface surgeries, and distorted architecture in the subepithelial and submucosal tissue of the eyelid. The described surgical techniques of entropion correction include tarsal fracture, blepharotomy and rotation sutures, anterior lamellar repositioning with retractor recession, and use of posterior lamella substitutes like MMG or hard palate graft with cumulative success rates in the range of 72–97%.4–10 The choice gets complicated when lid margin is involved as well with the loss of differentiation between cutaneous and mucous margins and forniceal shortening with or without symblepharon.
Eyelid margin Kaposi sarcoma leading to AIDS diagnosis
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2021
Olivia A. Moharer, Ivan M. Vrcek
Lesions affecting the eyelid present in a variety of ways. Eyelid lesions may be classified as neoplastic (benign or malignant), inflammatory, congenital, infectious, or traumatic.1 Neoplastic lesions are usually benign.2 The most common benign etiologies of eyelid lesions include hordeolum (stye), chalazion, and xanthelasma. Less common malignant lesions include basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, sebaceous carcinoma, and melanoma.3 Typically, eyelid lesions that do not necessitate immediate biopsy may be diagnosed and monitored based on clinical appearance and characteristic features; however, a biopsy with histopathological analysis may be indicated if the lesion begins changing size and/or character or presents with concerning findings from the outset.4 We present a case of a 51-year-old man who was diagnosed with HIV/AIDS after shave biopsy of a presumed chalazion on the eyelid margin revealed Kaposi sarcoma (KS).