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Acute Catathymic Homicides
Published in Louis B. Schlesinger, Sexual Murder, 2021
Kleptomania is not an impulse-control disorder. Rather than being a spontaneous, impulsive reaction to an external stimulus, kleptomania is the result of an internal drive (or urge) to steal objects not needed for personal use or for monetary gain. Pyromania, a need to set fires, often for psychosexual gratification, is also a result of an internal drive to act rather than being a behavior triggered by an external event or circumstance. Both kleptomania and pyromania are not impulses; they are the result of internal pressure to commit the act, which is usually well thought out and planned. Accordingly, their placement under impulse-control disorders in the DSM is unhelpful, confusing, and incorrect.
Psychiatric Disorders
Published in Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss, Understanding Medical Terms, 2020
Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss
Additional disorders falling into the realm of this area include eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia (which are discussed in the chapter on nutrition); sleep disorders such as Kleine-Levin syndrome (recurrent periods of prolonged sleep), hypersomnia (excessive sleeping), narcolepsy, and somniloquy (sleepwalking); and compulsive behaviors such as kleptomania (stealing) or pyromania (setting fires).
Diagnosing Tourette syndrome
Published in Carlotta Zanaboni Dina, Mauro Porta, James F. Leckman, Understanding Tourette Syndrome, 2019
Carlotta Zanaboni Dina, Mauro Porta
Impulse control disorder is present in 23–40% of TS patients (Table 3.4). It may include, in order of frequency, from more frequent to less: intermittent explosive disorder (i.e. excessive outbursts of anger and violence; the involuntary nature of the aggression is clear when, after the episode, the patient feels guilty and apologises).compulsive buying (or shopping, which may be linked with Internet addiction).pathological gambling (more often in adult patients because of the law’s restriction for its use in children).Internet addiction (i.e. excessive web surfing).kleptomania (i.e. stealing as the main pathological action).pyromania (i.e. setting things on fire as the main pathological action).sexual compulsion (i.e. pathological sexual attitude).
Firesetting among People with Mental Disorders: Differences in Diagnosis, Motives and Behaviour
Published in International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 2021
Vindya Nanayakkara, James R. P. Ogloff, Troy E. McEwan, Lauren Ducat
As previously mentioned, firesetting theory generally posits that a preexisting vulnerability to set fires is exacerbated or moderated by mental disorder (Fineman, 1995; Gannon et al., 2012; McEwan & Ducat, 2016), and that maladaptive learning about fires, which occurs in the context of early maladjustment, may predispose firesetting. However, consistent with recent findings (Dalhuisen et al., 2015), this study found variables denoting early maladjustment to be significantly greater among those with personality disorder and less so among those suffering from psychosis. Additionally, motives of suicide, revenge, self-defense, and religious motives associated with firesetting were mostly derived from delusions. These findings collectively imply that, for the most part, positive symptoms of psychosis may be a primary driver for firesetting, representing a more direct interaction between psychosis and firesetting. Such a direct relationship was previously alluded to by Tyler and Gannon (2017), and has also been observed between psychosis and violence, when premorbid offending has not been observed (Hodgins, 2008). Conversely, the Dysregulated and Fire Interest Types, which included personality disorder and pyromania, both appeared to endorse pathways to firesetting that reflect preexisting vulnerabilities, which could have been exacerbated by affective and psychological states that are characteristic of the respective mental disorders. This type of interaction between mental disorder and firesetting has previously been recognized (Tyler & Gannon, 2017) and is aligned with the M-TTAF and Dynamic Behavioral Theory.