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Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry
Published in Mohamed Ahmed Abd El-Hay, Essentials of Psychiatric Assessment, 2018
Mood disorders may be associated with memory complaints. In depressive disorders, sometimes, there is differential recall of unhappy memories; also, memory impairment may be so severe that it accounts for what is called “depressive pseudodementia.” Pseudodementia is a term used in describing patients whose memory deficits are presumably due to a psychiatric disorder, rather than to structural brain damage. Pseudodemented patients show a pattern of spotty deficits and inconsistent performance on most memory testing, related to their attentional deficits and inconsistent motivation. Truly demented patients have more difficulty with recent than with remote information, until later in the disease when both are impaired.
Questions and Answers
Published in David Browne, Brenda Wright, Guy Molyneux, Mohamed Ahmed, Ijaz Hussain, Bangaru Raju, Michael Reilly, MRCPsych Paper I One-Best-Item MCQs, 2017
David Browne, Brenda Wright, Guy Molyneux, Mohamed Ahmed, Ijaz Hussain, Bangaru Raju, Michael Reilly
Answer: E. Patients with pseudodementia are more likely to present with rapid onset, distressed affect, fluctuating cognitive deficit, islands of normality, with no dyspraxia or dysphasia, and a past or family history of affective disorder. Patients with dementia are more likely to present with a normal sleep/wake cycle, no diurnal variation in symptoms, gradual onset, prominent memory disturbance and focal features such as apraxia, agnosia and dysphasia. However, there can be significant overlap between dementia and pseudodementia, and patients who develop pseudodementia while depressed have a higher incidence of organic dementia at follow-up. [S. p. 300]
100 MCQs from Dr. Brenda Wright and Colleagues
Published in David Browne, Selena Morgan Pillay, Guy Molyneaux, Brenda Wright, Bangaru Raju, Ijaz Hussein, Mohamed Ali Ahmed, Michael Reilly, MCQs for the New MRCPsych Paper A, 2017
Dr Olivia Gibbons, Dr Marie Naughton, Dr Selena Morgan Pillay
Patients with pseudodementia are more likely to present with rapid onset, distressed affect, fluctuating cognitive deficits, with no dyspraxia or dysphasia and a past or family history of affective disorder. Patients with dementia are more likely to present with a normal sleep/wake cycle, no diurnal variation in symptoms, gradual onset, prominent memory disturbance and focal features such as apraxia, agnosia and dysphasia; however, there can be significant overlap between dementia and pseudodementia, and patients who develop pseudodementia while depressed have a higher incidence of organic dementia at follow-up. (7, p 300)
Usage of Therapeutic Sleep Deprivation: A Survey in Psychiatric Hospitals in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland
Published in Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 2019
Dietmar Winkler, Marie Spies, Yasmin Al-Resheg, Joseph C. Wu, William E. Bunney, Blynn G. Bunney, Siegfried Kasper, Edda Pjrek
Total SD and late partial SD have been studied in unipolar, bipolar, and mixed samples (Boland et al., 2017). The procedures are recommended by the German clinical practice guideline on depression as adjunctive treatments to shorten the therapeutic latency and increase response rates to antidepressants but also as monotherapy in drug-naïve patients (DGPPN et al., 2015). The guidelines point out that SD might be especially suited for patients with a high degree of diurnal variation and day-to-day fluctuations of mood (Wirz-Justice & Van Den Hoofdakker, 1999). SD can be utilized as a preventive strategy against further depressive episodes, as an alternative to conventional antidepressants, or as a diagnostic test to differentiate depressive pseudodementia from Alzheimer’s disease (Leibenluft & Wehr, 1992). Furthermore, there is data on the efficacy of SD in seasonal affective disorder (Danilenko & Putilov, 2005; Graw, Haug, Leonhardt, & Wirz-Justice, 1998), insomnia (Breitstein, Penix, Roth, Baxter, & Mysliwiec, 2014; Hemmeter, Seifritz, Hatzinger, Müller, & Holsboer-Trachsler, 1995; Stepanski, Zorick, Roehrs, & Roth, 2000), motor activity in depression (Brückner & Wiegand, 2010), and Parkinson’s disease (Högl, Peralta, Wetter, Gershanik, & Trenkwalder, 2001; Reist, Sokolski, Chen, Coskinas, & Demet, 1995). However, to date, there is no published data on how SD and its different forms are utilized by psychiatrists in a clinical setting. Data on this issue might be important to elucidate a potential gap between scientific studies and clinical care. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the use and associated practice patterns of SD in psychiatric hospitals in German-speaking countries.