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Sleep–Wake Disorders
Published in Philip B. Gorelick, Fernando D. Testai, Graeme J. Hankey, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Hankey's Clinical Neurology, 2020
Margaret Kay-Stacey, Eunice Torres-Rivera, Phyllis C. Zee
Paradoxical intention: aimed to reduce performance anxiety: Lie quietly awake.Avoid conscious efforts to fall asleep.
Imagery and the Treatment of Phobic Disorders
Published in Anees A. Sheikh, Imagination and Healing, 2019
Beverly K. Habeck, Anees A. Sheikh
Frankl admits, however, that the technique does not have universal applicability simply because not all individuals are capable of self-detachment and humor appreciation. He offers an example: I had a man in my Department, a guard in a museum who could not stay on his job because he suffered from deadly fears that someone would steal a painting. During a round I made with my staff, I tried paradoxical intention with him: “Tell yourself they stole a Rembrandt yesterday and today they would steal a Rembrandt and a Van Gogh.” He just stared at me and said, “But Herr Professor, that’s against the law!” This man was too feeble-minded to understand the meaning of paradoxical intention [97, p. 455].
Health Care in Prisons *
Published in Andrew Stevens, James Raftery, Jonathan Mant, Sue Simpson, Health Care Needs Assessment, 2018
Tom Marshall, Sue Simpson, Andrew Stevens
A number of effective non-drug treatments for insomnia are listed in Box 8. Stimulus control therapy consists of instructions designed to curtail sleep-incompatible behaviours and to regulate sleep-wake schedules. Sleep restriction therapy involves curtailing the amount of time spent in bed to time actually spent asleep (i.e. patients are encouraged to get up if they cannot sleep). Relaxation therapies include progressive muscle relaxation, biofeedback and meditation. They are intended to alleviate somatic or cognitive arousal. Paradoxical intention involves persuading the patient to engage in their most feared behaviour (staying awake) to induce sleep. Sleep hygiene education means the regulation of health and environmental factors that may be detrimental or beneficial to sleep.
A feasibility study to explore the use of digital treatment of sleep as a first-step intervention to improve adolescent mental health
Published in Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 2023
Abigail Mathews, Naomi Gibbons, Emma Harrison, Obioha C Ukoumunne, Paul Stallard
Sleepio is an online, six-session, self-guided CBTi intervention. It includes a behavioral component (sleep restriction, stimulus control, and relaxation), a cognitive component (paradoxical intention, cognitive restructuring, mindfulness, positive imagery and putting the day to rest) and an educational component (psychoeducation and sleep hygiene). The programme is highly interactive, and content is presented by an animated virtual therapist “The Prof”. Participants complete daily sleep diaries throughout the intervention, which are used to provide automated “personalised” help. Sessions and sleep diaries were completed by the young person. Young people could choose to involve their parents, for example, through completing sessions together or joining weekly support calls, but there was no formal role for them or requirement for them to be involved in the programme. A more detailed summary of the programme and content is described elsewhere (Cliffe et al., 2018).
Psychological Interventions to Improve Sleep in Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Published in Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 2022
Ali Kodsi, Ben Bullock, Gerard A. Kennedy, Loredana Tirlea
Several reviews have shown that cognitive and behavioral treatments are effective at improving sleep (Åslund et al., 2018; Ballesio et al., 2018; Brasure et al., 2016; Koffel et al., 2015; Mitchell et al., 2012). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is a standardized treatment protocol that uses behavioral (e.g., sleep restriction, stimulus control, relaxation) and cognitive strategies (e.g., paradoxical intention) to concurrently address maladaptive thoughts and behaviors concerning sleep (Morgenthaler et al., 2006; Morin et al., 2006). A review by Friedrich and Schlarb (2018) found that common interventions were at least moderately effective in increasing total sleep time, improving sleep quality, and reducing sleep onset latency in young adults attending university. CBT-I had the largest treatment effects in comparison to stand-alone interventions like relaxation and sleep education.
Examining Patient Feedback and the Role of Cognitive Arousal in Treatment Non-response to Digital Cognitive-behavioral Therapy for Insomnia during Pregnancy
Published in Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 2022
David A. Kalmbach, Philip Cheng, Thomas Roth, Leslie M Swanson, Andrea Cuamatzi-Castelan, Andrea Roth, Christopher L Drake
Patients randomized to CBTI completed the Sleepio program via the internet (www.sleepio.com, Big Health Inc.). In the present study, patients were granted access to Sleepio until either (A) they completed six sessions of digital CBTI or (B) they gave birth. The intervention covered behavioral sleep strategies (sleep restriction, stimulus control), cognitive components (e.g., cognitive restructuring, paradoxical intention), progressive muscle relaxation, and sleep hygiene. Only one modification was made for our patients: in sleep restriction, time in bed could not be prescribed as <6 hrs. Sessions were directed by an animated virtual therapist (“the Prof”) who guides progress with the patient based on submitted sleep data.