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The experience of the origins of self-in-relationship in neuroscience and music
Published in Mary Butterton, Colwyn Trevarthen, Listening to Music in Psychotherapy, 2018
Mary Butterton, Colwyn Trevarthen
Writing on art and neuro-psychoanalysis, Oppenheim states that neuroscientists such as Damasio and Panksepp would agree that the basic awareness for the human infant originates and emanates from subcortical core structures at the top of the brainstem.22 Panksepp, in particular, posits an archaic ‘primary template’ of the SELF-system in the ‘PAG’, that is the ‘primary circuits of the grey matter of the brainstem, the periaqueductal gray’. He writes that this SELF schema may trigger bodily orientation. In other words, a way of being. This way of being is said to encourage the drawing out of values from the interaction of the inner milieu with outer stimuli. He states:
Altered states
Published in Allan Hobson, Psychodynamic Neurology, 2014
Third, and most important, I was astonished at the failure of psychoanalysts to welcome the liberating impact of activation-synthesis when I unveiled the theory in 1977; none of them admitted Freud’s errors and joined ranks in revising the dream theory. Now I think I know why. If the dream theory is weak or erroneous, much of the rest of Freudian psychology is also impugned. For this reason I now formally renounce any and all revisionist projects. The psychoanalysts, like dutiful boat captains, will go down with their ship. The ship cannot be saved by the patching of holes from below the water line as proposed by neuropsychoanalysis. Nothing less than total overhaul in a dry dock is indicated.
Science, meaning and the scientist-practitioner model of treatment
Published in David Jones, Working with Dangerous People, 2018
The recent re-marriage of psychoanalysis and neuroscience is therefore a promising sign. In a political sense, this may serve as a wake-up call to mainstream psychology, which regards neuroscience as the epitome of a scientific approach and psychoanalysis as the epitome of a pseudo-scientific approach. But the real value of the combination lies in its conceptual and methodological fruits. At the First International Neuro-Psychoanalysis Conference held in London in 2000, which was devoted to the topic of emotion, Oliver Sacks called for ‘a neuroscience of the whole person, but also a science of personal meanings’. Others (e.g., Panksepp, Watt, Damasio) appealed to the earlier ‘nonreductive neurology’ of Luria, and discussed contemporary research into the various neurobiological underpinnings of central psychoanalytic concepts such as instinctual drives, the pleasure and reality principles, attachment, the unconscious, dreams, and defence. Damasio pointed out that his field, until very recently, had simply neglected psychoanalysis, just as it had also neglected the topics of emotion and consciousness – bad topics for science precisely because they involve subjectivity, which was thought to be beyond science’s reach. However, in the last couple of decades, as neuroscience has been inching away from a myopic focus on an isolated cortex, consciousness and emotion have begun to take centre stage, along with an evolutionary perspective, an organismic view of human mental functioning, and the importance of homeostasis. Hence, a return to Freud is inevitable, since these were also his central themes.
Digging Deeper: The Relationship between School Segregation and Unconscious Racism
Published in Smith College Studies in Social Work, 2019
The assumption that unconscious beliefs, motivations and emotions affect our behavior is a bedrock principle of psychodynamic theorists and practitioners. In the past decade, neuropsychoanalysis has lent support to this principle, as research findings have supported “a conscious left-brain self-system, and an unconscious right brain self-system.” (Schore, 2011, p. 76). Schore (2011) differentiates between a right brain, implicit, rapid acting, unconscious system that operates on a non-verbal level, and an explicit, conscious and verbal left-brain system. These two systems have different modes of processing and storing different forms of cognitive activity, affective states, and communications. Schore (2011) posits the dominance of the implicit self over the explicit self in human behavior. Thus, neurobiological findings have supported the importance of understanding and working with the implicit, unconscious self in order to truly unravel and understand human motivations.
Art Therapy in Dementia Care: Toward Neurologically Informed, Evidence-Based Practice
Published in Art Therapy, 2019
In an exploration of the intimate relationship between art and neuropsychoanalysis, Oppenheim (2005) quoted from Freud’s 1910 paper on Leonardo de Vinci, writing that “instincts and their transformations are at the limit of what is discernible by psycho-analysis,” at which point the discipline “gives place to biological research” (cited in Oppenheim, 2005, p. 1). There is no doubt that scientific insights regarding the brain, art, and dementia can provide art therapists with a deeper understanding of the therapeutic effects of art on health. Such knowledge can provide the field with a scientific base that hopefully encourages rigorous research and evidence-based practice. In addition, the language of science can help facilitate a dialogue with other professional fields for the purpose of knowledge transfer, which is crucial in dementia care. Stewart (2004) wrote that the purposeful blending of art therapy and neuroscience could be the key to understanding the inner workings of dementia.
FEATS Score Differences and Comorbid Depression Within in Persons Diagnosed With Multiple Sclerosis
Published in Art Therapy, 2020
The theoretical framework of this study was based within the field of neuropsychoanalysis. This intersection of psychoanalytic theory and neuroscience encourages the study of both the subjective and objective nature of things (Glasnovic et al., 2015). This framework was chosen as the best fit for the use of projective assessment and rating scale because it considers both the physical and psychological aspects of brain health. The concept of the mind-brain connection is not new to art therapy, more specifically; how the brain and health are impacted by art therapy. Once such area is the Expressive Therapies Continuum (ETC) (Czamanski-Cohen & Weihs, 2016). Originally conceived in the late 1970s (Kagin & Lusebrink as cited in Czamanski-Cohen & Weihs, 2016), interest in this developmental hierarchy has reemerged. The ETC model includes three levels: Kinesthetic/Sensory, Affective/Perceptual, and Cognitive/Symbolic. This study of both physical and mental processes can encourage an understanding of both the mind and brain, and how the interaction between the two impact behaviors, coping mechanisms, and response to illness (Glasnovic et al., 2015). Therefore, the graphic or formal elements of the drawing may also be influenced by the subconscious, through a combination physical and mental processes. Because depression in MS has been linked to both physical and psychosocial causes, an understanding of the mind-brain connection was important. Through this understanding, researchers may be able to predict that physical and mental processes influence behavior, including the way individuals understand ourselves, cope with adversity, and express ourselves through word and action (Glasnovic et al., 2015).