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Sense of safety dynamics – what processes build, protect and reveal Humpty’s sense of safety?
Published in Johanna Lynch, A Whole Person Approach to Wellbeing, 2020
Calm sense-making is also a relational process. Social relationships are important to process complex, overwhelming and distressing information (Epstein 2013). As mentioned earlier, stress researchers confirm the buffering role of relationships in shifting stress from toxic to tolerable (Shonkoff et al. 2012). Attachment, psychophysiology, interpersonal neurobiology and mentalisation experts speak of co-regulation (Butler and Randall 2013), ‘shared bio-behavioural state’ (Geller and Porges 2014, 185) and the ‘social synapse’ (Cozolino 2006, 6). Relationships can organise emotional experiences (Allen 2013). They confirm the importance of ‘another mind capable of resonating, reflecting on, and appropriately responding to the individual’s anguish’ (Allen 2013, xiii). Although only touched on here, and more fully discussed in the domain of relationships in Chapter Seven, co-regulation is central to wellbeing and to sense-making in dyads, families, communities and nations.
The art and science of mindfulness
Published in Antonella Sansone, Cultivating Mindfulness to Raise Children Who Thrive, 2020
Studies of mindfulness and interpersonal neurobiology interweave and integrate knowledge from a variety of disciplines to find the common features that are shared by these independent fields of knowledge. Mindfulness practice, like cognitive psychotherapy, modifies the brain structure and functioning by modifying the neuronal synapses, leading to new alternative ways of perceiving, thinking and behaving (Siegel, 2007).
What About Me? Sibling Play Therapy When a Family Has a Child With Chronic Illness
Published in Lawrence C. Rubin, Handbook of Medical Play Therapy and Child Life, 2017
Siegel’s (2010, 2012, 2017) research on interpersonal neurobiology (IPNB) has identified how resilience can be cultivated through play interactions that train the developing brain in making personal connections, regulating feelings, and problem solving. Perry’s Neurosequential Model of Therapeutics (Barfield, Dobson, Gaskill, & Perry, 2012; Perry, 2006; Perry & Hambrick, 2008) gives a step-by-step process of applying the latest brain research to play-based therapeutic interventions. Experiential and expressive therapies such as play therapy, art therapy, drama therapy, and developmental therapies such as Theraplay (Jernberg & Booth, 1999; Munns, 2000, 2009) provide interventions that unify the cognitive, affective, behavioral, and relational dimensions that support resilience processes in family-based therapies (Seymour & Erdman, 1996).
On the Value and Meaning of Trauma-Informed Practice: Honoring Safety, Complexity, and Relationship
Published in Smith College Studies in Social Work, 2018
In essence, trauma-informed practice refers to the clinician’s understanding of trauma diagnoses and symptoms as well as the clinician’s astute awareness of the unique challenges and difficulties that a trauma survivor may face within the context of relationships, personal and therapeutic (Chu, 1988; Courtois, 2008; Knight, 2015; Tosone, 2004). Some have made the important point that trauma-informed practice is not about assuming that every client has been traumatized; rather, it is an acknowledgment of the possibility that client issues and problems stem from traumatic experiences such as interpersonal violence (Knight, 2015). A trauma-informed clinician also grasps the neurological impact of trauma, in particular the impact that past interpersonal abuse often has on the affect regulation system of the brain. Interpersonal neurobiology tells us that brain wiring can change, for better or for worse, within the context of relationships, whether person-to-person relationships or person-to-environment relationships (Schore & Schore, 2008). To this last point, the trauma-informed clinician understands that one’s biology may be affected by a variety of traumatic experiences: interpersonal, catastrophic environmental events, medical mishaps and procedures, military combat, witnessing abuse, and ongoing social oppression (Courtois, 2008). In turn, biology afects one’s psychosocial experience in the world.
Toward a Relational Theory of Hypnosis
Published in American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 2020
I have taken seriously McConkey’s (2008) suggestion to “reach outside the field for inspiration and perspiration” (p. 74), as well as Jensen et al.’s (2015) call for “theoreticians and clinicians to ‘think outside of’ our preferred theoretical boxes, and consider how we might expand our views and models, so as to better understand hypnosis and ultimately improve its beneficial effects” (p. 64). The orientation to hypnosis developed below draws significantly on Gregory Bateson’s conceptualization of mind (1991, 2000, 2002; Bateson & Bateson, 1987), which anticipated the relational foundations of Daniel Siegel’s (2012) interpersonal neurobiology.
Relationship between attachment and executive dysfunction in the homeless
Published in Social Work in Health Care, 2018
José M Rodríguez-Pellejero, Juan L Núñez
The results confirm the first of our hypotheses. Insecure attachment style prevailed in people in chronic social exclusion, in contrast with the higher prevalence of secure attachment reported in studies with normal population (Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters, & Wall, 2014; Feeney & Noller, 1996; Yárnoz-Yaben & Comino, 2011). This finding is consistent with other comparative studies of homeless people and normal population. In this sense, in an investigation with French population, Vinay, Salvi, and N’Djin (2010) also found a very low incidence of secure attachment in the homeless population in comparison with the general population. They concluded that this revealed the presence of unresolved childhood situations, as well as a tendency toward relations that permanently fluctuate between approaching and distancing. In a similar vein, the homeless in our study also presented essentially insecure styles, although the predominance of preoccupied attachment was not so clear because we found a slightly higher percentage of avoidant-fearful attachment. The findings of interpersonal neurobiology could partially explain the prevalence of the insecure attachment styles that we found in the homeless sample. Thus, Fonagy (2004) states that insecure attachment is related to higher arousal experiences, and the optimal functioning of the PFC depends on optimal arousal. Secure attachment implicates the suppression of the neural networks associated with others’ critical assessment; hence, activation of the secure attachment system is a necessary condition for new relations because it allows one to disconnect cognitive-emotional barriers with others, reducing the need to assess others’ social validity, dropping pre-conceived judgments, and regulating the influence of memory on affect and of affect on cognition (Botella & Corbella, 2005).