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LGBTQIA+ and Co-occurring Disorders
Published in Tricia L. Chandler, Fredrick Dombrowski, Tara G. Matthews, Co-occurring Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders, 2022
Gender Dysphoria:DSM-5 diagnosis indicating that an individual has a gender identity not the same as their assigned birth sex (APA, 2013). Many of those in this category have experienced limitations in their ability to function effectively as the disconnect between their sense of self and assigned sex causes one or more areas of their life to not reach maximum potential. The diagnosis provides the individual an opportunity to be linked with adjunct services, to assist in gender transition such as hormone replacement therapy, official name and identification changes, and potential surgeries. Having an identity not the same as the sex assigned at birth is not the focus of this diagnosis. Rather, the dysphoria caused by this is the clinical focus.
The Modern Conceptualization of Unexplained Symptoms
Published in Peter Manu, The Psychopathology of Functional Somatic Syndromes, 2020
The criteria were minimally revised in the 1994 edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 1994). The number of symptoms or clusters of symptoms was increased from ten to eleven, by adding a complaint of feeling overwhelmed or out of control. The other symptoms were this time named dysphoria; anxiety; affective lability (e.g., feeling suddenly tearful or sad, or having increased sensitivity to rejection); irritability; anhedonia; difficulty with concentration; fatigue; eating disturbance; sleep disturbance; and other physical symptoms. The diagnostic rule was not changed. The manual advised careful consideration of the premenstrual exacerbation of certain medical conditions, such as endometriosis, thyroid gland dysfunction, epilepsy, collagen vascular diseases, and malignancies.
Drugs of Abuse and Addiction
Published in Sahab Uddin, Rashid Mamunur, Advances in Neuropharmacology, 2020
Shalini Mani, Chahat Kubba, Aarushi Singh
Withdrawal from opioids leads to signs and symptoms including stomach cramps, pupil dilation, irritability, sweating, tachycardia, dysphoria, insomnia, rhinorrhoea, increased heart rate, increased blood pressure (Cushman and Dole, 1973). Dysphoria persists for much longer. Repeated dosing of opioids leads to more profound tolerance and dependence. Distinct neural systems are involved in addiction and dependence (Koob and Le Moal, 1997).
Trust in Uncertainty: The Therapeutic Structure of Possibility, Turning Points, and the Future of Psychotherapy with Transgender, Nonbinary, and Gender-diverse Individuals
Published in Studies in Gender and Sexuality, 2022
How does one know what is realistic or possible? The stories of people who transition in mid or late life illustrate how what is realistic and possible changes over time. I work with many people who continue to wrestle with how to resolve the stress of gender dysphoria and euphoria throughout their lives. Some made inroads into outward gender expression earlier in life, but the path was not clear, and self-fulfillment was postponed for many years. When people seek realization of their gender in mid or late life, the turning points are often clear because something that seemed impossible for decades becomes possible. Those turning points may be inspired by a birthday, a health crisis, the death of a person close to them: all events that signal the brevity of life. Or their path is cleared by changed circumstances, such as the death of parents, an inheritance, retirement, children graduating from college, or separation from a long-term partner. Or the individual may have matured to a moment when the opinions of others do not matter as they did in years past. These are factors that can impact people later in life, but there are equivalents at every age. What seems possible changes from moment to moment within one person’s lifetime and is remarkably different for different people.
Robotic Hysterectomy as a Step of Gender Affirmative Surgery in Female-to-Male Patients
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2021
Pierluigi Giampaolino, Luigi Della Corte, Francesco Paolo Improda, Luca Perna, Marcello Granata, Attilio Di Spiezio Sardo, Giuseppe Bifulco
The transgender and gender-nonconforming population (TGNC) includes all those people whose gender identity is not completely aligned with the sex assigned at birth [1, 2]. Gender dysphoria is defined as discomfort or suffering due to the incongruity between gender identity, sex assigned at birth and/or primary and secondary sexual characteristics assigned at birth. In the United States, it is estimated that 1.4 million adults (0.6% of the total population), are identified as transgender [3]. Furthermore, the younger segment of the population reports the highest transgender identity rate: 0.66% between 18 and 24 years old, compared to 0.58% of those between 25 and 64. It has been reported that, during childhood and adolescence, 71% suffered physical violence and 50% sexual violence caused by gender noncompliance. About 1/3 attempted suicide [4, 5]. An Italian study, founded that the most frequent types of stigma are: verbal abuse (86.6%), problems in finding a job (66.4%), physical abuse (57%), problems of access to general health services (38.9%), and sexual abuse (31.5%) [6]. The need of these individuals to overcome such events and the desire to realize the connection between body and psyche is the result of a painstaking and personal elaboration of their gender identity, realized with the support of medical and psychological treatments corresponding to the different personality profiles and individual condition: medical and, in particular, surgical intervention is justified, therefore, only and only if aimed at reducing or resolving this suffering.
Experiences of Suicide in Transgender Youth: A Qualitative, Community-Based Study
Published in Archives of Suicide Research, 2020
Quintin A. Hunt, Quinlyn J. Morrow, Jenifer K. McGuire
Gender dysphoria is distress arising from a disconnect between one’s experienced gender and the sex they were assigned at birth (American Psychiatric Association, 2016). Dysphoria can be experienced socially (e.g., in response to being misgendered) or physically (e.g., in response to unwanted primary or secondary sex characteristics). Misgendering, or the misclassification of a person’s gender identity, is not unique to the people with a trans identity but has been found to be linked to depression and suicidal behavior (Russell, Pollitt, Li, & Grossman, 2018). Another recent study found several factors to be associated with increased suicide risk for transgender people including gender dysphoria, gender confusion or denial, fears about transitioning, and transition delays and refusals (Bailey et al., 2014). In addition, studies of body dissatisfaction in trans youth and young adults found a higher frequency of suicide attempts in trans youth with a desire for weight change (Grossman & D’Augelli, 2007; Peterson, Matthews, Copps-Smith, & Conard, 2017).