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Eating Disorders in College Students
Published in Jonna Fries, Veronica Sullivan, Eating Disorders in Special Populations, 2017
Mandy Golman, Marilyn Massey-Stokes, Susan Karpiel
Although “drunkorexia” is not a medically recognized term and is not listed in the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association 2013), it is increasingly recognized as a term to describe the phenomenon of purposefully restricting calories prior to alcohol consumption (Addiction Center 2016). Caloric restriction can manifest in different ways, such as skipping meals to account for increased caloric intake from alcoholic drinks, exercising excessively to compensate for the extra calories from alcohol consumption, and/or drinking alcohol excessively to become sick and purge food that was eaten earlier (Barry and Piazza-Gardner 2012). Restricting food intake prior to consuming alcohol increases the potential for becoming intoxicated, which, in turn, increases the risk for making poor decisions and experiencing negative consequences associated with alcohol intoxication (Giles et al. 2009).
Traumatic stress and alcohol-related disordered eating in a college sample
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2021
Megan L. Michael, Tricia H. Witte
Results from the present study also support previous research that drunkorexia is related to features of both eating disorders and alcohol use disorders.20,21 Symptoms of problematic drinking significantly predicted restriction prior to and during alcohol use to enhance the effects of alcohol in the current study, which suggests that the binge and heightened intoxication aspects of “drunkorexia” may be related to problematic drinking. In past research, participants who scored higher on problem drinking measures also scored high on “drunkorexia”.12 Furthermore, the core psychopathology of eating disorders – overvaluation of body shape and weight – significantly predicted restriction, purging, and other compensatory behaviors associated with weight control, which may correspond to the caloric concerns surrounding drinking. This is supported by findings that those who use alcohol-related compensatory behaviors for reasons of weight and shape control have higher disordered eating pathology.12
Baseline cortisol predicts drunkorexia in female but not male college students
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2021
Barbara B. Oswald, Rose Marie Ward, Sandra Glazer, Katie Sternasty, Kristen Day, Shannon Speed
As drunkorexia shares many commonalities with purging-type eating disorders and AUD, it seems likely that disrupted HPA function may also characterize drunkorexia. Yet no data on the relationship between drunkorexia and HPA function presently exists. Based on research noting the involvement of cortisol in both purging-type eating disorders and AUD, the present study sought to determine whether non-stress induced “baseline” cortisol could predict drunkorexia. Cortisol samples were collected between 11 am and 1 pm to minimize elevations in cortisol that may be observed upon early waking, and participants were asked to refrain from alcohol for at least 24 hours, and to refrain from eating for just one hour prior to collection to minimize cortisol changes caused by both alcohol and fasting. As research notes both increased and decreased cortisol in patients with eating disorders and AUD, we hypothesized that altered cortisol would predict drunkorexia; we did not predict direction. We also hypothesized that altered cortisol would predict higher levels of alcohol consumption and greater incidence of alcohol problems. Previous studies have shown that alcohol problems can predict drunkorexia,3,32 and we hypothesized our sample would show the same. We did not make predictions regarding gender differences in baseline cortisol or alcohol consumption, though we assumed men would consume higher levels of alcohol than women.
Drunkorexia: A new term and diagnostic criteria
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2019
Carly Thompson-Memmer, Tavis Glassman, Aaron Diehr
The term “drunkorexia” has been used in several publications1–7; however, definitions for the term vary across the extant literature. One of the more comprehensive definitions of drunkorexia identifies the behavior by the presence of positive relationships between alcohol use or abuse, disordered eating/eating disorders, and/or physical activity.8 Although caloric restriction and exercise are compensatory behaviors associated with drunkorexia, these behaviors can occur before or after alcohol consumption.3,9 Most researchers have noted that drunkorexia consists of alcohol consumption combined with disordered eating, such as skipping meals or restricting caloric intake and/or excessive exercising, but many have failed to include measures of quantity or intensity of the behaviors.1,3–5,7,10 Chambers4 defines drunkorexia as weight management techniques, such as exercise, to offset the consumption of calories from alcohol. However, the word “drunkorexia” is a colloquial term that carries judgmental connotations, and as such, is inappropriate terminology for the medical community. Since the purpose of this article is to propose an alternative name and more comprehensive definition for drunkorexia, the term “alcoholimia” will be used in place of drunkorexia. Proposed diagnostic criteria for alcoholimia are presented to assist healthcare professionals with triaging and treating this complex behavior.