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Resilience
Published in Meredith Mealer, Rowan Waldman, Coping with Caring, 2019
To understand resilience levels in nursing, we first need to understand how resilience is measured and how to interpret the measurement scores. Resilience is not an all or none concept, and there are varying degrees with higher scores indicating higher levels of resilience. There are several instruments that have been developed to measure resilience, but the instrument with the most robust psychometric testing that has been more commonly used in healthcare professionals is the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC).
Mind–Body Medicine
Published in Aruna Bakhru, Nutrition and Integrative Medicine, 2018
Jacqueline Proszynski, Darshan H. Mehta
The complexity of defining resilience as a scientific construct has been widely recognized and creates considerable difficulties when developing an operational model (Luthar, Cicchetti, and Becker 2000; Masten 2007). However, Southwick and Charney's (2012) model is widely known and accepted. It incorporates the cognitive/behavioral, emotional, social, physical, and neurobiological components of resilience, and how therapeutic interventions foster the protective factors of resilience. Although it was initially developed for patients with depression, this model is generalizable to nearly all conditions. Figure 16.5 shows the components of resilience in relation to MBTs, adapted from Southwick and Charney (2012). Multiple scales have been created to measure resilience as a process, such as the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC; Connor and Davidson 2003), the Resilience Scale (RS; Wagnild and Young 1993), the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS; Smith et al. 2008), and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS; Watson, Clark, and Tellegan 1988). Though currently there is no gold-standard for a resiliency measure, the CD-RISC, the RS, and the BRS received the best psychometric ratings (Windle, Bennett, and Noyes 2011).
Underinvestigated parental conditions: an overview
Published in David Morley, Xiaoming Li, Crispin Jenkinson, Children and Young People's Response to Parental Illness, 2016
Herbert et al. (2013) examined resilience in children (n=45) of parents with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. The authors devised a semi-structured interview schedule to collect socio-demographic data on parents and their offspring, family details and experiences of living with the parent with schizophrenia. Resilience was assessed using the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC; Connor and Davidson 2003). Offspring reported negative experiences in social and emotional aspects of life and took on more financial and emotional responsibilities. Results indicated however that despite negative experiences, children of parents with schizophrenia demonstrated resilience and were satisfied with parenting due to the support and care they received from other sources (for example, other family members, friends and relatives). The authors conclude that the negative impact of parental illness may be moderated through protective factors such as good relationships with other family members and other environmental factors such as positive distractions, reappraisal and religious practices, enabling them to cope and increase resilience.
The impact of depressive symptoms and social support on resilience among older adult caregivers
Published in Health Care for Women International, 2022
Eveline Ndinelao Kalomo, Jung Sim Jun, Kyoung Hag Lee
To assess levels of resiliency, the dependent variable in this study, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC; Connor & Davidson, 2003) was utilized. The CD-RISC is an instrument that measures the human capacity to thrive despite adverse life experiences (Connor & Davidson, 2003). The scale has been used extensively in sub-Saharan Africa (Mhaka-Mutepfa et al., 2014a, 2014b). In this study, the shorter 10-item form (CD-RISC 10; Campbell-Sills & Stein, 2007) was used. Respondents rated items on a 5-point Likert-type response format from 0 (not true at all) to 4 (true nearly all the time). Question examples include “I am able to adapt when changes occur,” “I try to see the humorous side of things when I am faced with problems,” and “I believe I can achieve my goals, even if there are obstacles.” The 10 items are summed to create a total score for the caregivers’ resilience, with high scores reflecting higher levels or more caregiver resilience. The Cronbach’s alpha of this scale was high .95 in a previous study (Shin et al., 2018) and .85 in this study.
COVID 19 pandemic: Impact of changes experienced on social workers’ professional quality of life in Singapore
Published in Social Work in Health Care, 2022
S N Goh, G Fan, S Cheng, Nee Khaing
Resilience is measured by a 2-item version of the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC2) with a score range from 0 to 8, and was developed as a measure of “bounce-back” and adaptability (Connor & Davidson, 2003; Davidson, 2020). The CD-RISC2 has good test–retest reliability, convergent validity, and divergent validity like the original CD-RISC (25-item) and can be used in lieu of the longer CD-RISC as a brief measure of resilience or progress after treatment (Vaishnavi et al., 2007). Perceived social support is measured by a validated Social Support Questionnaire, F-SozU k-6 (M. Lin et al., 2019) which includes six questions, asking to rate perceived or anticipated social support in a five-point likert scale. Perceived workplace support is assessed by four questions with a five-point likert scale asking about protective measures implemented for their work, clear policies and protocols, the help received from coworkers, and employers.
Differentiating the effects of anxious and avoidant attachment on depression and resilience following trauma
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2022
Taylor R. Napier, Kathryn H. Howell, Lauren M. Schaefer, Laura E. Schwartz
The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) is a 25-item self-report measure that examines one’s ability to cope with stress and adversity.13 Sample items include, “I am not easily discouraged by failure,” and “I have at least one close and secure relationship that helps me when I am stressed.” The CD-RISC utilizes a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (not true at all) to 4 (nearly true all of the time). Items are summed to create totals scores ranging from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating more resilience. The CD-RISC displays strong internal consistency (α = .93), as well as adequate test-retest reliability (r = .87), construct validity, and convergent validity in previous studies.13,49 Cronbach’s alpha for the current sample was .95.