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Biofeedback, Relaxation Training, and Cognitive Behavior Modification
Published in Kevin W. Olden, Handbook of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2020
Ann L. Davidoff, William E. Whitehead
Loening-Baucke and her associates (32) also evaluated anorectal and psychological factors associated with treatment failure. Of the 38 encopretic children undergoing six biofeedback training sessions, 10 had failed to learn to relax the pelvic floor during straining by a 7-month follow-up, and none of the 10 recovered clinically from constipation. Of 29 children who did learn to relax the pelvic floor during straining, 14 recovered and 15 did not. Nonrecovered patients who learned to relax during straining showed significantly decreased sensitivity to rectal distension compared to the recovered patients during the initial and follow-up anorectal manometric study. At follow-up, the balloon volumes for urge to defecate, rectosphincteric reflex, constant relaxation, and rectal contractions were significantly greater in unrecovered, as compared to recovered, patients. No significant differences were found in age, gender, or frequency of GI and urinary symptoms in successfully biofeedback-treated patients compared to those who did not recover. The Child Behavior Checklist, which contains scales for social competence, behavioral problems, internalizing-externalizing, and other psychological variables, also failed to distinguish children who recovered from those who did not. The authors concluded that correcting abnormal contractions of the pelvic floor by biofeedback treatment cures patients with either normal or mildly impaired rectal and anal sensitivity but not those with severely impaired sensitivity.
Diagnosing Tourette syndrome
Published in Carlotta Zanaboni Dina, Mauro Porta, James F. Leckman, Understanding Tourette Syndrome, 2019
Carlotta Zanaboni Dina, Mauro Porta
Other tests are commonly used to assess the disorders concomitant to TS (please refer to each manual for further details): Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality – SNAP (Harlan & Clark, 1999) and Conners’ ADHD Rating Scales – CRS (Conners et al 1999, Conners 2008) for ADHD.Child Behavior Checklist for ages 4–18 – CBCL 4-18 (Achenbach, 1991) for anxiety and depression in children.State-Trait Anxiety Inventory – STAI (Spielberger et al, 1970) for anxiety in adults.Beck Depression Inventory-second edition – BDI-II (Beck et al, 1996) for depression in adults.Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire – ASSQ (Ehlers et al, 1999) for autism spectrum disorders.Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders – SCID-II (First et al, 1997) for personality disorders (adult patients).
Management of feeding problems in children with a chronic illness
Published in Southall Angela, Feeding Problems in Children, 2017
Anthony. Schwartz, Zuzana. Rothlingova
Although the assessment methods already described in this book apply equally to children with chronic illnesses, care must be taken as some measures do not apply well to this group. For example, the Child Behaviour Checklist (Achenbach, 1987) contains a number of items that relate to physical functioning and may negatively skew the results for children with a chronic health problem. Above all, the clinician will need to bear in mind this added dimension: the child has a chronic condition that impacts on feeding, just as the feeding may impact on the illness.
Acceptability and Effectiveness of Humor- and Play-Infused Exposure Therapy for Fears in Williams Syndrome
Published in Evidence-Based Practice in Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 2022
Bonita P. Klein-Tasman, Brianna N. Young, Karen Levine, Kenia Rivera, Elizabeth J. Miecielica, Brianna D. Yund, Sydni E. French
The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL; Achenbach & Rescorla, 2000, 2001) is a widely used standardized questionnaire completed by parents assessing the child’s emotional and behavioral functioning in the past six months, yielding both broad scales (Internalizing and Externalizing domains) and scales assessing specific areas of emotional and behavioral challenges (Anxious/ Depressed, Withdrawn/ Depressed, Somatic Complaints, Rule Breaking Behavior, Aggressive Behavior, Social Problems, Thought Problems, and Attention Problems). The age-appropriate form of the CBCL was administered (either the 1.5 years to 5 years form or the 6 to 18 years of age form). Each item is scored as “0-Not True, 1-Somewhat True, 2-Very True or Often True.” For the purposes of this study, the following T-scores were used to describe the emotional and behavioral functioning of the participants: Affective Problems, Anxiety Problems, and ADHD Problems.
Psychological characteristics of early stuttering
Published in International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 2021
Veronica Park, Mark Onslow, Robyn Lowe, Mark Jones, Sue O’Brian, Ann Packman, Ross G. Menzies, Susan Block, Linda Wilson, Elisabeth Harrison, Sally Hewat
The Child Behaviour Checklist (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2000) is used to identify behavioural and emotional problems in children. It is a parent-report, norm-referenced assessment based on 100 statements about a child’s behaviour. A score is assigned for each statement where 0 = not true, 1 = somewhat or sometimes true, and 2 = very or often true. The 100 items are grouped according to seven Syndrome Scales (emotionally reactive, anxious, somatic complaints, withdrawn, sleep problems, attention problems, and aggressive behaviour), derived from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Syndrome Scale scores are totalled and then categorised according to three subscales: Externalising, internalising, and total problem.
Hair cortisol levels and mental health problems in children and adolescents exposed to victimization
Published in Stress, 2020
Lucas Araújo de Azeredo, Thiago Wendt Viola, Leonardo Melo Rothmann, Ricardo Trentin, Adriane Xavier Arteche, Christian Haag Kristensen, Augusto Buchweitz, Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
Behavioral and mental health problems were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist for ages 6-18 (CBCL/6-18). The CBCL/6-18 is a psychological assessment questionnaire (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001) used for screening of child and adolescent mental health (Bordin et al., 2013). The CBCL/6-18 inventory has been translated, adapted, and validated for Brazilian Portuguese and the Brazilian population (Bordin, Mari, & Caeiro, 1995). Parents, guardians or caregivers filled out the CBCL/6-18 questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of 138 items that involve behavioral, emotional, social, and thought problems: 20 items assess social competence and 118 items assess behavior, emotional, and thought problems. The checklist includes 11 subscales on symptoms of internalizing problems (withdrawn, somatic complaints, and anxiety/depressed behaviors) and externalizing problems (rule-breaking and aggressive behaviors), and on total problems score (includes externalizing, internalizing, social, school, thought, and attention problems) (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001).