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Nutrition for adolescents
Published in Judy More, Infant, Child and Adolescent Nutrition, 2021
Bulimia nervosa is characterized by:binge eating of abnormally large amounts of food along with a feeling of lack of control;compensatory behaviour after the binge, including vomiting, use of laxatives, fasting or excessive exercise.
Weight and health
Published in Sally Robinson, Priorities for Health Promotion and Public Health, 2021
Bulimia nervosa is characterised by binge eating and purging. They are ‘normal’ weight or overweight. Typically, they crave food which is ‘fattening’ and eat, and eat, until their anxiety is reduced. They feel bad, so they purge. It can cause damage to the point of being life-threatening.
Psychological Disorders
Published in Mohamed Ahmed Abd El-Hay, Understanding Psychology for Medicine and Nursing, 2019
People with bulimia nervosa fear gaining weight and are intensely preoccupied and dissatisfied with their bodies. However, people with bulimia stay within a normal weight range or may even be slightly overweight. After bingeing, a patient compensates by purging herself of the excessive food, by self-induced vomiting or by misuse of laxatives or enemas. Once she purges, she often feels psychologically relieved. Some people with bulimia do not purge themselves of the excess food. Rather, they use fasting and excessive exercise to keep their body weight within the normal range (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Like anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa can have a serious physical impact on the body. Repeated purging disrupts the body’s electrolyte balance, leading to muscle cramps, irregular heartbeats, and other potentially fatal cardiac problems. Self-induced vomiting erodes tooth enamel by the acidic vomitus, causing tooth decay and gum disease. Frequent vomiting, especially when practiced for long periods of time, can damage the gastrointestinal tract as well as the teeth (Forney, Buchman-Schmitt, Keel, & Frank, 2016).
A closer look at homework compliance in behavior therapy for bulimia nervosa: does homework compliance in between-session period prospectively predict session-by-session change in bulimia symptoms?
Published in Eating Disorders, 2023
Paakhi Srivastava, Megan N. Parker, Emily K. Presseller, Olivia B. Wons, Kelsey E. Clark, Adrienne S. Juarascio
Bulimia nervosa (BN) spectrum disorders are eating disorders characterized by recurrent engagement in binge eating (characterized by consumption of objectively large amounts of food accompanied by a subjective sense of loss of control) and inappropriate compensatory behaviors (e.g., self-induced vomiting, laxative or diuretic misuse, driven or compelled exercise, or fasting) driven by concerns about body weight or shape (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). BN spectrum disorders impacts as many as 1.0% of people in the United States and is associated with significant psychosocial impairment (Hudson et al., 2007). Although behavioral treatment approaches (i.e., Cognitive-Behavior Therapy and third-wave behavioral treatments) have the strongest empirical support for the treatment of BN spectrum disorders, as many as 70% of individuals with these disorders who undergo a full course of treatment remain symptomatic (Linardon, 2018). Further understanding of the components of behavioral treatments for BN spectrum disorders that promote reduction of symptoms is acutely needed.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mental health comorbidity in firefighters
Published in Journal of Workplace Behavioral Health, 2022
Nattinee Jitnarin, Sara A. Jahnke, Walker S. C. Poston, Christopher K. Haddock, Christopher M. Kaipust
The PHQ-ED was used to assess symptoms of bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder (Spitzer et al., 1999). It comprises six binary response (yes/no) items regarding eating habits and compensatory behaviors, along with two follow-up questions asked when binge eating or purging occurred. Participants were identified as binge eaters if they reported binge eating and purging behaviors twice per week for three months. If they reported engaging in any of the four compensatory behaviors to avoid gaining weight besides binge eating and purging, they were identified as bulimia nervosa. Probable alcohol abuse/dependence was evaluated using the PHQ-AA module. This module is composed of five binary (yes/no) response items concerning the pattern of alcohol abuse/dependence. Participants were indicated as probable alcohol abuse/dependence by having a score of one or higher (Grucza, Przybeck, & Cloninger, 2008).
Updates in the treatment of eating disorders in 2021: a year in review in Eating Disorders: The Journal of Treatment & Prevention
Published in Eating Disorders, 2022
Ane A. Balkchyan, Tiffany Nakamura, Stuart B. Murray
In further expanding the dissemination of family therapy-based approaches, Stewart et al. (2021) assessed the efficacy of multi-family therapy for bulimia nervosa (MFT-BN). MFT-BN was developed with the intention of further optimizing outcomes beyond those demonstrated in existing trials of cognitive behavioral therapy and other modalities of family therapy for BN. Among adolescents with BN in an outpatient community sample, Stewart et al. (2021) demonstrated that MFT-BN resulted in reductions in core ED symptoms, alongside reductions in broader depression, anxiety, and emotion dysregulation. In addition to the benefits for those afflicted, a uniquely innovative component of this study involved dually targeting parental/caregiver outcomes, predicated on reliable data illustrating commons feelings of stress and burden among caregivers. To this end, MFT-BN also resulted in decreased parental depression and reports of negative caregiving experiences, indicating a broader systemic impact of MFT-BN.