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Assessment of eating disorders
Published in Stephen Wonderlich, James E Mitchell, Martina de Zwaan, Howard Steiger, Eric F van Furth, Annual Review of Eating Disorders Part 1 – 2007, 2018
Marion P Olmsted, Traci McFarlane, Jacqueline Carter, Kathryn Trottier
Another study compared the EDE-Q with instructions, the Questionnaire for Eating and Weight Patterns – Revised (QEWP-R), the Binge Eating Scale (BES), and the EDE interview in terms of the assessment of binge frequency and the diagnosis of BED in a sample of binge eaters (Celio et al. 2004). The BES and QEWP-R performed satisfactorily as screening instruments for cases of BED but were not adequate in identifying non-BED cases. The EDE-Q with instructions was the most accurate self-report measure of the frequency of binge eating.
Overeating Behavior and Cardiometabolic Health
Published in Nathalie Bergeron, Patty W. Siri-Tarino, George A. Bray, Ronald M. Krauss, Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, 2017
Ashley E. Mason, Frederick M. Hecht, Nathalie Bergeron, Patty W. Siri-Tarino, George A. Bray, Ronald M. Krauss
At least 30% of treatment-seeking obese individuals identify times when they feel out of control over their eating and when they overeat highly palatable food in the absence of physical hunger, regardless of a desire to not do so (Spitzer et al. 1992; de Zwaan 2001). Such compulsive overeating has behavioral similarities to drug addiction (e.g., Volkow et al. 2012, 2013). Researchers have thus designed self-report measures to assess behaviors that are core features of substance misuse disorders, but in the context of overeating. One measure, the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS; Gearhardt, Corbin, and Brownell 2016, 2009), conceptualizes problematic eating behavior similarly to traditional substance-related and addictive disorders as defined by criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manuals for Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR, DSM-5; American Psychological Association 2000; American Psychological Association 2013). Another measure, the Binge Eating Scale (BES, Gormally et al. 1982), assesses compulsive overeating behavior, and scores on this measure correlate with a DSM diagnosis of BED (Celio et al. 2004; Grupski et al. 2012). Measures of addictive-like eating, such as the YFAS, are highly correlated with measures of binge eating, such as the BES (Flint et al. 2014). Compulsive overeating might best be considered along a continuum, with the most extreme end encompassing severe overeating indexed by high scores on measures of binge and addictive-like overeating (Davis 2013a,b). In the following text, we review neurobiological mechanisms of compulsive overeating, investigations of compulsive overeating in animals and humans, and associations between compulsive eating and cardiometabolic health.
Understanding relationships between posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, binge-eating symptoms, and obesity-related quality of life: the role of experiential avoidance
Published in Eating Disorders, 2021
Jennalee S. Wooldridge, Matthew S. Herbert, Cara Dochat, Niloofar Afari
Binge-eating symptoms were assessed using the Binge Eating Scale (BES; Gormally et al., 1982). The BES is a 16-item self-report measure that assesses the behavioral, cognitive, and emotional features of bingeeating in adults with overweight and obesity. Participants are instructed to select one statement out of four that best describes their binge-eating-related attitudes and behaviors, from 16 groups of questions. Each statement is weighted either 0, 1, 2, or 3, and weights are summed for a total score. An example item weighted 0 is, “I rarely eat so much food that I feel uncomfortably stuffed afterward.” An example item weighted 3 from the same group of statements is, “I eat so much food that I regularly feel quite uncomfortable after eating and sometimes a bit nauseous.” Higher scores indicate greater bingeeating. The BES has good internal consistency and test-retest reliability in overweight and obese individuals (Gormally et al., 1982). A score of 18 or higher indicates clinically significant binge-eating (Greeno et al., 1995). Internal consistency in the current sample was excellent (Cronbach’s alpha = .90)
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptomatology, binge eating disorder symptomatology, and body mass index among college students
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2020
Jennifer A. Hanson, Lisa N. Phillips, Susan M. Hughes, Kimberly Corson
Binge eating was measured using the Binge Eating Scale (BES).37 This 16-item self-administered scale includes eight items describing feelings and thoughts (eg, guilt) and eight items describing characteristics of behavioral manifestation (eg, speedy eating, secret eating) of binge eating. Response options for the items include statements reflecting varying levels of severity. Individuals completing the scale are instructed to select a response statement that best describes their feelings. These response statements are scored with assigned values (ie, 0–3) increasing as binge eating severity increases. Overall scale scores are obtained by summing scores for each of the 16 items with higher BES scores indicating increased severity. As described by Grupski et al.,38 a BES score of 18 or greater was categorized as a positive screen.
Association of Binge Eating Behavior with Total and Abdominal Adipose Tissue in a Large Sample of Participants Starting a Weight Loss or Maintenance Program
Published in Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2018
Alessandro Leone, Laila Vignati, Alberto Battezzati, Ramona De Amicis, Veronica Ponissi, Valentina Beggio, Giorgio Bedogni, Angelo Vanzulli, Simona Bertoli
On the same day, the participants underwent a clinical examination, an anthropometric assessment, and an ultrasound measurement of VAT and SAT. A structured interview was performed to obtain information about marital status, education, smoking status, and structured physical activity. The latter was investigated asking participants the following questions: “Do you practice any structured physical activity?” and “How many hours per week do you spend on this activity?” Participants who spent ≥ 2 hours per week in any structured physical activity were considered as active (1). All patients completed the Binge Eating Scale (BES) questionnaire in order to evaluate the presence of BE (16,17). Excluded from the study were participants younger than 18 years; those with diagnosed infective, neurological, gastrointestinal, cardiac, renal, or pulmonary disease; those using medications known to cause lipodystrophy (e.g., steroids and antiretroviral agents); those with scars in the VAT measurement area; and those who were unable to understand and fill in the questionnaire. From the 9421 participants initially recruited, we excluded those with missing values on the BES questionnaire (n = 876, 9%) or on one of the variables of interest (n = 21). This study was conducted according to the guidelines laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki, and all procedures involving human participants were approved by the ethics committee of the University of Milan (report n. 23/2016). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.