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Empowering Patients Toward Motivation and Maintenance to Change
Published in Gia Merlo, Kathy Berra, Lifestyle Nursing, 2023
In a PRISMA review on health and wellness coaching, investigators concluded that coaching was provided primarily by health care professionals (93%), with nurses forming the largest group of coaches (42%). Hours of training varied widely from less than 2 hours to a median between 6 and 40 hours. Behavioral change methods include goal-setting, action-planning, problem-solving, navigating obstacles to goals, finding resources, self-monitoring, and building self-efficacy. Communication techniques include developing rapport, expressing empathy, and providing emotional support. In addition, 61% of coaches were taught communication skills for the change process, including questioning, negotiating, providing feedback, and various forms of reflection (Wolever et al., 2013).
Sector Perspective: Digital Therapeutics in Behavioral Health
Published in Oleksandr Sverdlov, Joris van Dam, Digital Therapeutics, 2023
The integrated technology-based model includes computerized screening using validated clinical assessments for depression and unhealthy alcohol use, a digital clinical decision support tool to guide providers in delivering state-of-the science behavioral health treatment in their interaction with patients, as well as a digital therapeutic app (called Laddr©, Square2 Systems, Inc.) to promote behavior change and wellness among patients by offering them 24/7 access to science-based behavioral healthcare. Laddr© is a unique digital therapeutic platform that does not just treat a single disorder/disease but can flexibly offer care for combinations of behavioral health needs within the context of a single digital platform. Indeed, the functionality and tools within Laddr© embrace the core principles of the science of behavior change and the active ingredients in therapeutic processes of behavior change and thus can provide therapeutic support for any combination of treatment needs a patient may have. The latter includes tools for activating behavior change, solving problems and overcoming obstacles to effective behavior change, teaching skills and providing guidance on the execution of behavior change, and maintaining an individual's motivation to change.
Health Promotion
Published in Rupa S. Valdez, Richard J. Holden, The Patient Factor, 2021
Designing technologies for behavior change is an emerging science. We focused on the following three main problems in behavior change. The first problem is how to influence user motivation; for example, designing ways to promote self-efficacy (Schwarzer & Renner, 2000). The second problem is what behavior to encourage the person to do. For example, researchers need to identify behavior with sufficient readiness to be initiated in terms of detailed action planning (Schwarzer et al., 2011). The third problem is when to trigger the new behavior. For example, to ensure that users have sufficient intention and complete detailed planning process (action and coping planning) (Prochaska & DiClemente, 1982; Sniehotta et al., 2005). WDA can provide insight into the first problem to trigger motivations, and CTA can inform the solution for the latter two problems of what and when to encourage new behaviors. We will introduce an example to show how to apply WDA and CTA to persuasive design (Rezai & Burns, 2014).
The effects of health literacy on disease control in adolescents with asthma
Published in Journal of Asthma, 2023
Sukru Cekic, Zuhal Karali, Yakup Canitez, Selin Esmen, Hatice Ortac, Selin Abdu, Nihat Sapan
Behavior change interventions are fundamental to the effective practice of clinical medicine and improving public health. Michie et al. proposed a new method for characterizing and designing behavior change interventions (25). The core components of this framework consist of three essential conditions: ability, opportunity, and motivation. The behavior is determined by the interactions between these components (25). The core components have many interactions with other components besides HL. Salim et al. (26) reported in their systematic review that the studies conducted to support asthmatics with limited HL to acquire better self-management skills have an uncertain relationship with improved health outcomes. Jegannathan et al. (27) reported no relationship between the adequacy of HL and the learning of self-management skills in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In our study, adolescents with asthma who were admitted to the ED due to asthma in the past year or used systemic steroids showed lower median HL levels. However, the difference was not statistically significant. More comprehensive studies should be conducted on the effects of HL on behavioral changes, such as improving the self-management skills of asthmatic patients.
Inhibitory control as a potential treatment target for obesity
Published in Nutritional Neuroscience, 2023
M. T. de Klerk, P. A. M. Smeets, S. E. la Fleur
Reversely, these findings suggest that greater inhibition-related activation in these brain areas could be protective against weight gain or promote weight loss. Accordingly, Weygandt et al. reported that greater brain activity in and stronger connectivity between the VMPFC and DLPFC during a food-specific delay discounting paradigm correlated strongly with subsequent dieting-induced weight loss in men and women with obesity [66]. In addition, participants with greater behavioral inhibitory control lost more weight. In a follow-up experiment with similar experimental settings, weight loss maintenance after the diet was predicted by activation in the right SFG, and inhibitory control was inversely related to successful weight maintenance [67]. Similarly, Kulendran et al. investigated whether impulsivity improved with weight loss during a weight loss intervention [68]. This intervention lasted 2–8 weeks and focused on behavioral change. The average BMI reduction was 8.4%, ranging from 2.54 to 3.12 kg/m2. Indeed, those who improved their performance on a stop-signal task the most also achieved the greatest BMI reduction. This was not the case for a monetary delay discounting task. The results of [69] are in line with these findings. Although performance on a non-food Go/No-go task and a monetary delay discounting task improved after an internet-based 3-month weight loss program, this was unrelated to weight changes.
Harnessing technology to prevent sexual assault on college campuses
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2023
Adrienne Baldwin-, Glenna Read, Jenay Beer, Gabrielle Darville
With technological advances of the 21st century, researchers and practitioners across multiple disciplines have advocated for the use of technologies to promote behavior change. Information communication technologies (ICTs), including mobile apps, SMS text messaging, the Internet, social media, and digital gaming have increasingly been integrated into behavioral health interventions.1 Research has demonstrated the wide array of interactive components afforded by technological interventions that enhance user experiences.2 ICT-based interventions, like the aforementioned examples, allow opportunities for targeting and tailoring, which increases attention and engagement.3 These cognitive states facilitate information processing, a critical first step to behavior change, which can impact adoption of healthy behaviors.4