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Act for Recovery
Published in Sandra Rasmussen, Developing Competencies for Recovery, 2023
Clinical application of behavioral psychology followed, especially the use of behavior modification in the 1940s and 1950s. Behavior modification relies on many principles of behavioral psychology including reinforcement, punishment, extinction shaping, fading, and chaining. Later in the 1950s, American psychologist Albert Ellis created rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT). REBT is an action-oriented approach to managing cognitive, emotional, and behavioral disturbances. REBT influenced the development of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) by Aaron Beck in the1960s (CBT), dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) by Marsha Linehan in the 1970s, and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) by Steven C. Hayes in the 1980s. Key concepts from behavioral psychology that are used in behavioral therapies include systematic desensitization, exposure and response prevention, token economy, modeling, applied behavior analysis, and contingency management.
Solving pet problems
Published in Clive R. Hollin, An Introduction to Human–Animal Relationships, 2021
There are a range of medications, such as fluoxetine (Prozac for humans), sertraline, and clomipramine, used in the treatment of aggression and other behavioural problems. Siracusa (2016) presents a case study of two companion mixed-breed female dogs, a 2-year-old and a 4-year-old, who were aggressive to each other when food was present or if one approached the other when resting. The intervention involved serotonergic medication to decrease anxiety, arousal, and impulsivity for both dogs; along with clomipramine hydrochloride, a tricyclic antidepressant, for one dog. The drug treatment was accompanied by behavioural training to enable the owners to modify the dogs’ actions as necessary. At a 6-month follow-up, there were no aggressive incidents. The use of drugs and behaviour modification is a well-established combination in the treatment of behavioural disorders.
Psychological Rehabilitation of COVID-19
Published in Wenguang Xia, Xiaolin Huang, Rehabilitation from COVID-19, 2021
Behavior modification therapy teaches and trains patients to adjust and change their original abnormal behaviors and replace them with new healthy behaviors, thus curing the disease. Through the assessment, work with the patients to determine the misconduct that needs to be corrected and establish corrective goals. For different people and problems of a different nature, use various ways to solve and choose the appropriate application method to achieve the selected goal.
“We Eat Without Thinking: We Just Eat, Eat, Eat” – A Thematic Exploration of Cultural Practices of Ethnically Diverse Youth and Their Parents Who Are at Risk for Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes
Published in Journal of Community Health Nursing, 2023
Jill M. G. Bally, Shelley Spurr, Kasha Mcharo
It was evident that some of the parents either had diabetes or had a close family member with diabetes. Many of the youth participants also knew of a close relative who had diabetes. Parents with diabetes were encouraged to make modifications to their lifestyles, while those parents and youth with close relatives with diabetes were motivated to change their health practices. Behavior Modification focused on changes in food choices, food portions, and an increase in physical activity. Parents spoke about close monitoring of diet, blood sugars, and cholesterol. One European parent (P10) spoke about dietary changes that included eating less of the cultural staple, for example, sausages. A Pakistani parent (P1), who also had diabetes, stated, “Everyday when I take insulin, I take small portions of my food. Little bit rice, one chapati, little bit more, and then done. I don’t drink any juice. I can’t drink pop. I just drink milk.” One Filipino student (Y10) who needed to make dietary and lifestyle changes stated: I think at one point I just started eating less than what I would have. Because before I used to be obese. I had to change. So I started trying to be more active and started with not giving up on some sports when I got too tired. As well as lessen the food I eat every day. So, what I eat now is much less than I used to eat before.
Behavior Contracts Are Not Psychologically Naïve
Published in The American Journal of Bioethics, 2023
A behaviorally-focused approach is consistent with well-established fundamentals of behavioral psychology and applied behavioral modification techniques (Cooper, Heron, and Heward 2019). As it has been refined, applied behavior theory demonstrates that it is possible to encourage appropriate behaviors and decrease maladaptive behaviors by modifying the preceding stimuli and following consequences without extensive exploration of an individual’s underlying thoughts or motivations (Early and Grady 2017). It is this simplicity that encourages their use for reinforcing appropriate behavioral norms in medical settings broadly and mental health treatment settings specifically. For example, inpatient behavioral health treatment units often utilize a simple reward and demerit system to encourage health-promoting behaviors, such as active participation in group therapy, and to discourage unhealthy behaviors, such as skipping group therapy. Why someone may desire to skip group therapy is worth exploring. However, failing to attend group therapy for any reason undermines the likelihood of psychological healing. The same rationale applies to behavior contracts to shape patient or family behaviors through rewards and simple punishments.
Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatient Care: Contemporary Practices and Introduction of the 5S Model
Published in Evidence-Based Practice in Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 2022
Casey D. Calhoun, Elizabeth A. Nick, Kyrill Gurtovenko, Aaron J. Vaughn, Shannon W. Simmons, Rebecca Taylor, Eileen Twohy, Jessica Flannery, Alysha D. Thompson
Behavioral modification has traditionally centered on managing problematic behavior through use of rewards and consequences (Johnson et al., 2014). Behavior modification programs utilize a point or level system that consistently reinforces appropriate behavior (e.g., sticker charts, token economy) and provides consequences for inappropriate behavior (e.g., loss of privileges, time-out; Dean et al., 2007). Behavioral modification programs can lead to reductions in aggressive behavior as well as fewer seclusion and physical restraint events (Carlson et al., 2020; Dean et al., 2007). However, others have argued that the use of punitive consequences can increase negative interactions between patients and staff, thereby decreasing its therapeutic function (Ercole-Fricke et al., 2016).