China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Potential Significance of Proteases
Published in Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Megh R. Goyal, Masood Sadiq Butt, Phytochemicals from Medicinal Plants, 2019
Marwa Waheed, Muhammad Bilal Hussain, Sadia Hassan, Mohammad Ali Shariati, Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo
There are three important types of plant hormones, for example, auxin, gibberellins, and abscisic acid (ABA). Auxin (indole acetic acid) promotes growth and stem elongation in plants. Other advantages are adventitious and lateral roots formation, leaf loss inhibition, cell division, increased production of ethylene, and which enforce lateral bud’s dormancy, which is produced by other immature parts and shoot apical meristems. It is responsible for phototropism. Auxin causes cell elongation on the unlighted side of shoot by making cell walls softer and expansion of the cell cytoplasm.33
Photomodulation of Protonema Development
Published in R. N. Chopra, Satish C. Bhatla, Bryophyte Development: Physiology and Biochemistry, 2019
An experimental advantage of mosses, compared, for example, with higher plants, is the rather simple methodical possibility of producing mutants and selecting morphogenetically altered strains.17 It has also been possible to obtain various phototropically altered mutant strains from C. purpureus. In Figure 4 the phototropic responses of the wild-type and a mutant strain are shown. It is important to recognize that the branching pattern is not altered between wild-type and mutant strain. Those mutants may be valuable in elucidating the molecular regulation of phototropism.
Impact of UV Radiation on the Growth and Pharmaceutical Properties of Medicinal Plants
Published in Azamal Husen, Environmental Pollution and Medicinal Plants, 2022
Deepti, Archana (Joshi) Bachheti, Kiran Chauhan, Rakesh Kumar Bachheti, Azamal Husen
Cell division, elongation, directional growth, and branching are the most important factors behind the morphological or vegetative growth of plants. All these processes are light-dependent. The plant responds and grows according to the intensity, time period, and direction of light (Thelier et al., 2015). The morphological responses are also species-dependent and UV radiation exposure (Figure 3.1) can alter the plant growth (Kakani et al., 2003), as in some species it can increase the dry or fresh biomass and leaf area (Sakalauskaite et al., 2013), while in the case of some other species it decreases shoot dry mass, shoot length and foliar area (Kuhlmann and Müller, 2009a, 2009b; Liu et al., 2013; Singh et al., 2011; Torre et al., 2012; Wargent et al., 2006; Zhang et al., 2014). Although the impact of UV-A radiation has not been explored like that of UV-B radiation, it has been shown that UV-A radiation can decrease the leaf area and height of plants even in the absence of UV-B (Krizek et al., 1997). According to Barnes et al. (1990) and Torre et al. (2012), exposure to UV-B radiation can increase the number of stems. The seed yield of the plant is certified by floral induction, flower determination, and fruit production which is influenced by UV radiation exposure as it can increase the size of the flower (Petropoulou et al., 2001; Sampson and Cane, 1999). In the past also various studies have shown that UV radiation has affected the growth and development of plants. In an experiment, it was concluded that the plants from different genotypes exposed to UV-B radiation had shorter hypocotyl while there was no impact on their cotyledon area and dry weight (Ballare et al., 1991). Gaba and Black (1983) reported that UV radiation also helps in regulating phototropism in various plants.
Optimization of Ag2O nanostructures with strontium for biological and therapeutic potential
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2018
Farwa Ahmad Kiani, Umair Shamraiz, Amin Badshah, Saira Tabassum, Misbah Ambreen, Jahangir Ali Patujo
Experiments were carried out in a 96-well plate against the brine shrimp larval specie (Artemia salina) following the already described protocol in the literature with minor modifications. The eggs of A. salina were incubated for a time period of 24–48 h in simulated sterilized se 6ba water (38 g/L supplemented along with 6 mg/L of dried yeast) in a particularly designed two compartment plastic trays, under irradiating light and hot environment (30–32 °C). Then, 10 fully grown phototropic nauplii with the aid of Pasteur pipette were harvested and shifted to each and every well of plate. Volumes of doped and pristine NPs consistent with each other restraining ≤1% DMSO in sea water at final concentrations of 500 and 200 µg/mL were then shifted to the wells containing both sea water and shrimp larvae. In every well, the absolute volume of 300 µL was reserved. Serial concentrations of doxorubicin and 1% DMSO were included in the positive- and negative-controlling wells. After the passage of 24 h time period, the number of shrimps alive was counted, giving an idea about the percentage of mortality, and finally by the utilization of table curve of 2 D v5.01 software median lethal concentration (LC50) was evaluated [14].
Neuroprotective properties of solanum leaves in transgenic Drosophila melanogaster model of Alzheimer's disease
Published in Biomarkers, 2022
Opeyemi B. Ogunsuyi, Tosin A. Olasehinde, Ganiyu Oboh
The flies were subjected to the aversive phototaxic suppression assay (Ali et al. 2011) as previously reported by Ogunsuyi et al. (2021b). In brief, this assay made use of a T Maze which paired the bitter taste of quinine with attraction for light. Quinine (180 µL of 1 µM) was carefully applied to filter paper and placed into the lighted chamber. The phototropic flies were allowed free access into the lighted chamber with quinine treated filter paper. After 45 s, the fly was tapped back to the dark chamber, and the process was repeated. Flies that failed to walk to the lighted chamber within 45 s were scored as ‘Pass’. The experiment was repeated at time 0 and 6 hrs to serve as the memory index.