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The Integrative Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Prevention Program
Published in Mark C Houston, The Truth About Heart Disease, 2023
Omega-3 fats are a key family of polyunsaturated fats. There are three main omega-3s:Eicosapentaenoic acids (EPA) come mainly from fish, so they are sometimes called marine omega-3s.Docosahexaenoic acids (DHA) come mainly from fish, so they are sometimes called marine omega-3s.Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), the most common omega-3 fatty acid in most Western diets, is found in vegetable oils and nuts (especially walnuts), flax seeds and flaxseed oil, leafy vegetables, and some animal fat, especially in grass-fed animals. The human body generally uses ALA for energy, and conversion into EPA and DHA is very limited. The conversion from ALA to EPA and DHA may be only 5%. This conversion requires several enzymes and many nutrients. Cofactor deficiencies in magnesium or vitamin B6 or interfering substances or conditions such as alcohol, trans fats, saturated fats, high omega-6 FA, obesity, insulin resistance, and DM will decrease the conversion to EPA and DHA. It is important to increase the anti-inflammatory omega-3 fatty acids in the diet and reduce the inflammatory omega-6 fatty acids. (See Figure 21.2 below.)
Post-Stroke Management (Brain Hypoxia/Ischemic Damage)
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA): DHA, a component of fish oil, is a powerful therapeutic agent that can protect brain tissue and promote recovery per an experimental model of acute ischemic stroke, even when treatment is delayed by up to five hours.9
Fetal Development and Maternal Diet
Published in Praveen S. Goday, Cassandra L. S. Walia, Pediatric Nutrition for Dietitians, 2022
Fat can be an important energy source and it plays an important role in the structural integrity of cells. While a well-balanced diet is encouraged during pregnancy, optimal omega-3 fatty acid intake, chiefly of docosahexanoic acid (DHA), may benefit fetal and maternal outcomes. Supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids has been associated with improved neurodevelopment, visual acuity, increased birth weight, and increased length of gestation with decreased risk of preterm delivery. Deficiency or low levels of omega-3 fatty acids have been linked to higher postpartum depression risk. The best source of omega-3 fatty acids are oily fish (salmon, mackerel, herring, anchovies, sardines) or eggs, flaxseeds, and walnuts. However, caution should be taken with excessive high-fat fish intakes due to possible contaminants (see “Fish Intake” section below). Recommended intake is up to 1.4 g/day of omega-3 fatty acids and 13 g/day of omega-6 fatty acids. Excessive intakes should be avoided as there has been an association with prolonged gestation and high neonatal birth weight.
Mung bean protein isolate treated with high-intensity pulsed electric field: characteristics and its use for encapsulation of Asian seabass oil
Published in Journal of Microencapsulation, 2023
Saqib Gulzar, Mohamed Tagrida, Umesh Patil, Lukai Ma, Bin Zhang, Soottawat Benjakul
Nowadays, plant-based proteins are being recommended globally because of their low cost, high abundance, low allergenicity, and wide acceptability (Jarpa‐Parra 2018). Mung bean protein has remarkable functional properties that can be exploited for several food applications (Yi-Shen et al.2018). Moreover, mung bean protein is rich in essential amino acids which are necessary to meet the daily requirements of the human body (Du et al.2018). Fish oil extracted from Asian seabass is a rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), known for having beneficial health effects (Sae-leaw and Benjakul 2017). PUFAs significantly improve health conditions and prevent CVD and Alzheimer’s (Shahidi and Ambigaipalan 2018). However, these PUFAs are highly susceptible to lipid oxidation, leading to the development of undesirable odours and flavours. Therefore, encapsulation is required to protect the oil from oxidative deterioration and to mask the offensive fishy odour of fish oil.
Safety of Eicosapentaenoic Acid in Cancer Treatment: Effect on Cancer Cells and Chemotherapy in Vitro
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2021
Safiye Aktaş, Pınar Ercetin, Zekiye Altun, Mehmet Kantar, Nur Olgun
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is one of the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). It is essential for human health, and is found primarily in cold-water fish with the other essential fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Studies have demonstrated a positive role of PUFA in cardiovascular diseases and mental illnesses (1, 2). Furthermore, studies have shown that fatty acids such as EPA and DHA may play a beneficial role in the treatment of cancer by inhibiting the proliferation or inducing the apoptosis of cancer cells (3–4). N-3 PUFAs exert their beneficial effects by a broad range of actions, including calcium transport across cell membranes, angiogenesis, proliferation, and immune cell function. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of EPA are not completely understood (5–7). Cachexia is a major health problem in cancer patients undergoing severe combined chemotherapies and/or radiotherapy (8), and may even be a secondary cause of death. PUFAs are used to suppress cancer-associated cachexia, and to improve quality of life during cancer therapy (1); they have little or no effect on normal cells.
Development of a Natural Product Rich in Bioavailable Omega-3 DHA from Locally Available Ingredients for Prevention of Nutrition Related Mental Illnesses
Published in Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2020
Christina N. Charles, Hulda Swai, Titus Msagati, Musa Chacha
Since nutrition is clearly linked with mental health, the field of nutrition has recently received attention as a sustainable approach to both the prevention and management of mental health disorders in low- and high-income countries (5,6). Convincing data suggest that nutrient-based supplements might provide many neurochemical modulatory activities that are beneficial in the prevention and management of mental health disorders (7). Because of that, there are a number of nutrient-based interventions that are currently being implemented especially, in developed countries (8). Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids supplementation, especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), is an example of the available nutrient-based interventions for prevention and or management of mental disorders (9). The assertion is based on the clinical trials that have proved the usefulness of omega-3 DHA in prevention and management of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and psychosis (10,11).