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Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles in Oligonucleotide Drug Delivery System
Published in Yashwant Pathak, Gene Delivery, 2022
Manish P. Patel, Praful D. Bharadia, Kunjan B. Bodiwala, Mustakim M. Mansuri, Jayvadan Patel
For escherichia coli DH5 alpha biosynthesis gold nanoparticles in the size range of 33~17 nm, (Saha et al., 2007) this process leads mostly spherical particles, along with a small amount of trianles and quasi-shaped. When E. coli MC4100 and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ATCC 29577 are exposed to chloroauric acid, nanoparticles are formed. Below 7 pH, spherical old nano particles in the size range of 10 nm synthesis and at slightly basic pH mixture of bigger and smaller nanoparticles are observed (Deplanche and Macaskie, 2008).
Magnetic and Plasmonic Nanoparticles for Brain Drug Delivery
Published in Carla Vitorino, Andreia Jorge, Alberto Pais, Nanoparticles for Brain Drug Delivery, 2021
The Turkevich method is still one of the most common synthetic approaches used for preparing Au NPs for bioapplications, including for brain drug delivery [20, 56]. In this method, trisodium citrate is used both as a reducing and as a stabilising agent and is added to boiling chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) solution under vigorous stirring. A red-wine solution is obtained at the end of the reaction because of the formation of Au NPs with an average diameter of around 20 nm, with a negatively charged surface and electrostatically stabilised by citrate ions [55]. The size of the nanoparticles can be adjusted by varying the citrate/Au(III) molar ratio. At high ratio values, the nucleation is faster and dominant and leads to the formation of smaller NPs [57], which is desirable to enhance the permeability of Au NPs through the BBB [19]. Small (<10 nm) and monodisperse Au NPs can be prepared by simply reversing the order of addition of the reactants. Thus, the addition of the HAuCl4 solution to the citrate solution favours the nucleation and stabilisation of Au NPs [58]. Despite the electrostatic stabilisation, citrate-stabilised particles obtained using the Turkevich method can aggregate during storage or subsequent functionalisation steps. Large molecules such as surfactants and mercaptoalkanoic acids can be used to functionalise the surface and prevent the aggregation of Au NPs [27].
Green-Synthesized Nanoparticles as Potential Sensors for Health Hazardous Compounds
Published in Richard L. K. Glover, Daniel Nyanganyura, Rofhiwa Bridget Mulaudzi, Maluta Steven Mufamadi, Green Synthesis in Nanomedicine and Human Health, 2021
Rachel Fanelwa Ajayi, Sphamandla Nqunqa, Yonela Mgwili, Siphokazi Tshoko, Nokwanda Ngema, Germana Lyimo, Tessia Rakgotho, Ndzumbululo Ndou, Razia Adam
In another study by Emmanuel et al. (2014) involving the green synthesis of AuNPs, twig bark Acacia nilotica extracts extracted at room temperature were used in sensor construction for the determination of trace-level concentrations of nitrobenzene. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed that the phytochemicals present in the extracts are responsible for the stabilization and reduction of the AuNPs to be alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, saponins and terpenoids. The developed procedure revealed the biosynthesis of the starting material chloroauric acid to be within 10 minutes, an indication of an advanced reaction rate as compared to a majority if not all existing chemical synthesis methods. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was used to electrochemically determine nitrobenzene using the green-synthesized AuNPs modified of GCE where excellent reduction responses towards nitrobenzene were observed. The sensor displayed a wide linear response range from 0.10 to 600 μM, a high sensitivity of 1.01 μA/(μM cm2) and a low limit of detection of 0.01 μM. Excellent recovery results towards nitrobenzene were observed when the AuNPs-modified electrodes were subjected to various nitrobenzene-contaminated real water samples (Emmanuel et al., 2014).
Green synthesized gold nanoparticles from Pseudobulbus Cremastrae seu Pleiones show efficacy against hepatic carcinoma potentially through immunoregulation
Published in Drug Delivery, 2022
Junmo Zhu, Zijing Liu, Youwei Pu, Jie Xu, Sitong Zhang, Yixi Bao
Pseudobulbus Cremastrae seu Pleiones were procured from a local Chinese pharmacy. Beijing G-CLONE Biological Technology Co.Ltd. (Beijing, China) provided trisodium citrate dihydrate. Chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) was obtained from Shanghai Xianding Biological Technology Co.Ltd. (Shanghai, China). EDTA/trypsin and Dulbecco’s modified Eagles medium (DMEM) were products of Hyclone (Logan City, UT, USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was sourced from Gibco Life Technologies (Grand Island, USA). Adriamycin (ADM) was bought from Shenzhen Main Luck Pharmaceuticals Inc. (Shenzhen, China), whereas Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA), NO assay kit was purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology (Shanghai, China), and ELISA kits for mouse TNF-α, IL-12p70 and IL-1β were obtained from 4 A Biotech (Beijing, China). Boster Biological Technology Co.Ltd. (CA, US) supplied the Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) test kit and RPMI1640 media, while BD Pharmingen (CA, USA) supplied the anti-CD3, anti-CD4, and anti-CD8 antibodies.
Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles from Dendrobium officinale and its anticancer effect on liver cancer
Published in Drug Delivery, 2021
Wei Zhao, Ji Li, Cheng Zhong, Xuyu Zhang, Yixi Bao
Dendrobium officinale was purchased from the herbal medicine market in Chongqing, China and was authenticated by Professor Xiaojun Sun from Beijing Huadafangke Commodity Quality Inspection Co. Ltd. (Beijing, China) before the preparation of AuNPs. Adriamycin (ADM) was obtained from Shenzhen Main Luck Pharmaceuticals Inc. (Shenzhen, China). Chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) was purchased from Shanghai Xianding Biological Technology Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Trisodium citrate dihydrate was gained from Beijing G-CLONE Biological Technology Co. Ltd. (Beijing, China). The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay kit was purchased from Boster Biological Technology Co. Ltd. (Pleasanton, CA). Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) and 0.25% EDTA/trypsin were procured from HyClone (Logan, UT). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was purchased from Gibco Life Technologies (Carlsbad, CA).
Anticarcinogenic potential of gold nanoparticles synthesized from Trichosanthes kirilowii in colon cancer cells through the induction of apoptotic pathway
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2019
Xiaodong Han, Xiaojia Jiang, Lanjie Guo, Yongxin Wang, Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan, Surapaneni Krishna Mohan, Zhigang Wang, Dandan Cao
A stock solution of 12.69 mM of gold chloroauric acid was prepared by dissolving gold precursor (500 mg) in 100 ml of deionized water. It was again diluted by deionized water to prepare gold chloroauric acid at 1.53 mM concentration. The AuNPs were synthesized by mixing 10 ml of gold chloroauric acid (aqueous) at room temperature and 10 ml of T. kirilowii extract, then mixed with deionized water (50 ml). The progress in gold ions reduction via T. Kirilowii extract to synthesize AuNPs was observed via UV–Vis spectroscopy. Morphological appearance, size and stability of the synthesized AuNPs were examined by taking aliquot of samples from the reaction mixture, subsequent to definite time intervals for the period of reduction reaction. The size and shape is determined by using TEM and the compounds are detected by FTIR.