China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Comparative Immunology
Published in Julius P. Kreier, Infection, Resistance, and Immunity, 2022
Many invertebrates possess either genes or proteins tha t are related to those found in vertebrates. Thus tunicates possess a protein related to mammalian CD5 as well as proteins coded by genes related to the J segments of mammalian immunoglobulin heavy chains. CD90, a molecule associated with vertebrate T cells, has been identified in squid, oysters, and locusts, as well as in tunicates. Tunicate CD90 shows close homology to the μ chains of fish immunoglobulin. (β2-microglobulin, the (β chain of MHC Class I molecules has been identified in the leukocytes of earth-worms and in cultured Drosophila cells. IL-1α, IL-lβ, and TNF-like activity have been identified in echinoderms and annelids as well as in urochordates.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Dental Tissues
Published in Vincenzo Guarino, Marco Antonio Alvarez-Pérez, Current Advances in Oral and Craniofacial Tissue Engineering, 2020
Febe Carolina Vázquez Vázquez, Jael Adrián Vergara-Lope Núñez, Juan José Montesinos, Patricia González-Alva
The alveolar bone is derived from the dental follicle and includes a condensed edge containing the tooth sockets in the bones that hold teeth Recently, the isolation and culture of human AB-MSCs was reported (Liu et al. 2015). The isolated cells exhibited the morphology of spindle-shaped fibroblast-like, accompanied by adherence to plastic plates and colony formation. These cells express the surface markers CD73, CD90, CD105 and STRO-1; however, they showed negative expression of hematopoietic markers, such as CD14, CD34 and CD45 (Liu et al. 2015).
Tissue engineering and regeneration
Published in Professor Sir Norman Williams, Professor P. Ronan O’Connell, Professor Andrew W. McCaskie, Bailey & Love's Short Practice of Surgery, 2018
Professor Sir Norman Williams, Professor P. Ronan O’Connell, Professor Andrew W. McCaskie
MSCs are multipotent stromal cells that can be sourced from a variety of tissues, including bone marrow, adipose tissue and umbilical cord. Morphologically they resemble fibroblasts. They are adherent to plastic, express certain cell surface markers (CD105, CD73 and CD90), and do not express the cell surface markers associated with haematopoietic stem cells (such as CD34 and CD45). MSCs were initially shown to have the ability to be directed to differentiate into a variety of specialised cell types of the mesodermal lineages, including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, tenocytes and myocytes (Figure4.2). Recent studies suggest that they may also be directed into cells of the ectoderm and endoderm lineages.
Potential of Autologous Progenitor Cells and Decellularized Porcine Artery Matrix in Construction of Tissue-engineered Vascular Grafts
Published in Organogenesis, 2021
Jieh-Neng Wang, Chung-Dann Kan, Shao-Hsien Lin, Ko-Chi Chang, Stephanie Tsao, Tak-Wah Wong
Cell differentiation markers on cells after 14 days grew in the vascular segment were examined. CD90, also known as endoglin, Thy1 (thymocyte differentiation antigen 1) is a glycophosphatidylinositol-linked glycoprotein expressed by endothelial cells, hematopoietic stem cells, and in developing nervous tissue.18 CD105 is an accessory receptor for transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and its expression is crucial in angiogenesis.18 In this experiment, HUVECs isolated from a fresh human umbilical cord vein were grown and implanted to the decellularized vessel without passage as a positive control.19Figure 8 depicts the expression of CD90 and CD105 in HUVECs and PEPCs in the cultured blood vessel. In line with data shown in H & E and DAPI stains, PEPCs expressed more CD90 and CD105 in the sections from cells implanted on the adventitial surface. Of note that more cells grew and migrated in the vessel after implanted with primary HUVECs isolated from a fresh umbilical vein, compared to HUVEC cell line with freeze/thaw and passages from BCRC (Figure 5).
Modified BuShenYiQi formula alleviates experimental allergic asthma in mice by negative regulation of type 2 innate lymphoid cells and CD4+ type 9 helper T cells and the VIP–VPAC2 signalling pathway
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2021
Muhua Huang, Jinfeng Wu, Jingcheng Dong
It has been demonstrated that VPAC2 receptor is expressed mainly in activated immune cells including T cells, macrophages and ILC2s (Delgado and Ganea 2013). VPAC2 expression in T cells was induced following stimulation of the antigen, T cell receptor, type 2 cytokines and VIP (Delgado et al. 1999; Dorsam et al. 2000; Goetzl et al. 2001; Nussbaum et al. 2013). CD90 is particularly abundant on the surface of mouse thymocytes and peripheral T cells (Haeryfar and Hoskin 2004). Lung resident ILC2s also expressed CD90 (Monticelli et al. 2011). To explore whether the expansion/differentiation of ILC2s and T cells in the lungs of asthmatic mice might be associated with increased expression of VPAC2, we stained lung sections with anti-VPAC2 and anti-CD90 antibodies. The percentage of VPAC2+CD90+ cells in lungs was significantly increased in the Model group, as compared with the Control group (p < 0.05). The middle-dose and high-dose of M-BYF (14 and 28 g/kg/d) treatment and dexamethasone treatment observably decreased the percentage of VPAC2+CD90+ cells in lungs of asthmatic mice (p < 0.05 or 0.01) (Figure 9(A,D)). The data indicated that VIP–VPAC2 signalling might be involved in M-BYF-mediated repression of ILC2s and T cells expansion/differentiation.
Chloride intracellular channel protein 2 in cancer and non-cancer human tissues: relationship with tight junctions
Published in Tissue Barriers, 2019
Yoshitomo Ueno, Saya Ozaki, Akihiro Umakoshi, Hajime Yano, Mohammed E. Choudhury, Naoki Abe, Yutaro Sumida, Jun Kuwabara, Rina Uchida, Afsana Islam, Kohei Ogawa, Kei Ishimaru, Toshihiro Yorozuya, Takeharu Kunieda, Yuji Watanabe, Yasutsugu Takada, Junya Tanaka
The identification of molecules such as CD9035 exclusively expressed by the vasculature in cancer tissues has been one of the goals of cancer research because it might provide a novel therapeutic mechanism to inhibit the supply of nutrients or oxygen to the tumor. In this study, CLIC2 was expressed exclusively in normal endothelial cells. By contrast, TECs in the cancer core were devoid of CLIC2 expression, which might correlate with the lack of tight junctions that allow the hematogenous metastasis of cancer cells. Therefore, cancer blood vessels might be in a state of loss-of-function regarding CLIC2. The elucidation of CLIC2 functions might help in unraveling the nature of cancer blood vessels as well as the functions of the normal vasculature. If CLIC2 expression is pharmacologically induced in blood vessels in cancer tissues, hematogenous spread might be prevented. Alternatively, the administration of agents that mimic the function of CLIC2 in and around cancer tissues might suppress distant metastases. It is necessary to elucidate the mechanisms underlying CLIC2 functions in endothelial cells.