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The Role of Natural Products in COVID-19
Published in Hanadi Talal Ahmedah, Muhammad Riaz, Sagheer Ahmed, Marius Alexandru Moga, The Covid-19 Pandemic, 2023
Iqra Akhtar, Sumera Javad, Tehreema Iftikhar, Amina Tariq, Hammad Majeed, Asma Ahmad, Muhammad Arfan, M. Zia-Ul-Haq
It is also involved in reducing the viral cell replication. It may be given to patients in the form of nasal spray or nebulizer, making it more effective for patients with worsened condition (Figure 11.5) [74, 75].
Endocrine Disorders, Contraception, and Hormone Therapy during Pregnancy
Published in “Bert” Bertis Britt Little, Drugs and Pregnancy, 2022
Clinical characteristics are polyuria, excessive thirst (polydipsia), and low urinary specific gravity. Diabetes insipidus may be idiopathic, autosomal dominant inheritance, or secondary to trauma or tumor. Fertility is not impaired and fetal outcomes are not adversely affected in patients with diabetes insipidus when the disease is successfully treated (Hime and Richardson, 1978; Jouppila and Vuopala, 1971). Therapy includes hormone replacement. The drug of choice in pregnancy is DDAVP (1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin) given as a nasal spray. Other therapeutic regimens in patients with partial diabetes insipidus are not recommended for use during pregnancy (chlorpropamide, clofibrate, and carbamazepine). Note that DDAVP is not effective for the treatment of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
Analgesia and Anaesthesia
Published in Ian Greaves, Keith Porter, Jeff Garner, Trauma Care Manual, 2021
Ian Greaves, Keith Porter, Jeff Garner
Recently there has been an increase in interest in these routes, and several drugs now have formulations that allow administration in the form of a nasal spray or an oral ‘lollipop’. Both of these routes benefit from direct oral mucosal absorption offering speed of onset that can be comparable to intravenous administration. In particular, these techniques are favoured in paediatric trauma when intravenous access is difficult and distressing in an already upset child.
A qualitative analysis of the impact of the opioid crisis on non-emergency frontline social service workers
Published in Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions, 2021
Jillian Bigras, Shahin Sanaei Seisan, Nina Di Pietro
Several participants also expressed the desire for more emergency response training at their agencies. Substance users may be at greater risk for overdose if frontline staff do not feel adequately trained to manage medical emergencies that require injecting clients with opioid blockers such as naloxone. Currently, easier to use nasal spray formulations of naloxone are available and are considered more suitable for emergency use by non-medical personnel. However, the BC Ministry of Health does not cover the cost of intranasal formulations and states that ‘organisations looking to purchase intranasal naloxone should a) be able to justify why, and b) cover the costs without drawing down on other operating budgets’ (BC Government, 2017, p. 5). Currently, the cost of intranasal naloxone is more than five times higher per dose than the cost of injectable formulations making access to this treatment option limited (BC Government, 2017).
Local Bacteriotherapy – a promising preventive tool in recurrent respiratory infections
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 2020
Giorgio Ciprandi, Ignazio La Mantia, Valerio Damiani, Desiderio Passali
Tarantino and colleagues provided real-world experience in 80 children with RRI [47]. Local Bacteriotherapy halved RI’s number, reduced school days and parental working days missed per month. La Mantia and coworkers investigated an intriguing issue, such as avoiding adenoidectomy [48]. This open study included 44 children candidates for adenoidectomy and tympanocentesis to treat adenoid hypertrophy and otitis media with effusion. Twenty-two children were treated with both strains administered by nasal spray. Control children were treated with hypertonic saline. In the active group, 6/22 children required adenoidectomy, compared to 20/22 children in the control group (p < 0.0001). The treated children also had a significant reduction of adenoid size (p < 0.0001) and improvement of middle ear effusion measured with tympanometry (p < 0.0001).
The current state of acute treatment for migraine in adults in the United States
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2020
Wade Cooper, Erin Gautier Doty, Helen Hochstetler, Ann Hake, Vincent Martin
According to the American Headache Society Evidence Assessment of Migraine Pharmacotherapies, no recent high-quality studies have been published for injected DHE [25]. In clinical trials with DHE nasal spray, 30% to 61% of participants reported a reduction in headache severity to mild or no pain in 2 h, compared to 20% to 33% for placebo. The most common side effects associated with DHE nasal spray were rhinitis, altered sense of taste, application site reactions, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting [36]. Because nausea and vomiting are common side-effects of DHE, coadministration of an antiemetic is recommended [37]. DHE should be used with caution, or avoided entirely, in patients with cardiovascular disease including coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, and uncontrolled hypertension [1].