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Morning Sickness/Nausea of Pregnancy/Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Nausea is a general term describing a queasy stomach, with or without the feeling that vomiting is likely to occur. Nausea and vomiting are a common symptom and sign that can be caused by a number of different conditions. The nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (morning sickness) typically begin about the fourth to sixth week and often end about the twelfth week. Morning sickness can last longer though. Nausea is often worse in the morning and tends to ease up during the day, but can occur any time of day. For some individuals, the nausea is present throughout the day. Hyperemesis gravidarum is a severe form of morning sickness.
Managing care at the end of life
Published in Nicola Neale, Joanne Sale, Developing Practical Nursing Skills, 2022
Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms in people who are at the end of life. The cause of nausea and vomiting can be challenging to identify; common causes include gastric stasis, bowel obstruction, medication and metabolic disorders such as hypercalcaemia and renal failure. However, when a person is actively dying, it may be difficult to investigate the cause or can be inappropriate to do so (Garbutt 2018). In these circumstances, broad-spectrum anti-emetics such as cyclizine and levomepromazine can be given via a subcutaneous injection and/or subcutaneously, via a syringe driver over 24 h to manage the symptoms (Mitchell and Elbourne 2020).
Acute abdomen in pregnancy
Published in Hung N. Winn, Frank A. Chervenak, Roberto Romero, Clinical Maternal-Fetal Medicine Online, 2021
Nicole Fearing, William L. Holcomb
The presentation of pancreatitis is similar in the pregnant and nonpregnant patients. Among cases reviewed by Wilkinson (55), 75% presented with acute abdominal pain. Typically, the pain is of sudden onset and located in the epigastrium. Nausea and vomiting are usually present and may be severe. Very ill patients may present in shock. Generally, the patient is in acute distress. There may be a low-grade fever and a few patients are jaundiced. Epigastric tenderness is the most reliable physical finding. Peritoneal signs are absent or minimal. Bowel sounds are diminished. With severe hemorrhagic pancreatitis, blood may infiltrate the flanks (Grey Turner’s sign) or the umbilicus (Cullen’s sign).
Comparison of laparoscopic adnexal mass extraction via the transumbilical and transvaginal routes
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022
Kemal Güngördük, Varol Gülseren, İsa Aykut Özdemir
The patients were admitted one day before surgery. Antibiotic prophylaxis (cefazolin, 500 mg) was given intravenously 15–30 min before skin incision, and antithrombotic prophylaxis (when required) consisted of low-molecular-weight heparin given subcutaneously 12 h before surgery and for 15 days after surgery. The umbilicus was cleaned using a cottons wab before skin disinfection, and the bladder was drained via Foley’s catheterisation. Each LS procedure was performed under general endotracheal anaesthesia with the patient in the lithotomy position. A uterine manipulator was inserted when necessary to afford exposure of the pelvic organs. Our postoperative care protocol featured the administration of the prokinetic agent metoclopramide as an antiemetic when required, and prophylaxis for stress-induced gastritis in the form of histamine H2 blockers for 48 h after surgery. All patients received steady oral paracetamol for 48 h after the operation, following removal of the epidural catheter. Additional nonsteroidal analgesia was provided when required, and its use was documented carefully. Antiemetic agents were prescribed for nausea when required. No opioid antagonist was used postoperatively.
COVID-19 Smart Diagnosis in the Emergency Department: all-in in Practice
Published in Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine, 2022
Dimitra S. Mouliou, Ioannis Pantazopoulos, Konstantinos I. Gourgoulianis
A common gastrointestinal manifestation of COVID-19 is considered to be diarrhea [16]. Even as atypical or occasional manifestations, abdominal and testicular pain have also been reported in cases tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 [17]. Nausea and vomiting have been reported as signs expressed in the early stages in some cases [18]. Other oral signs and widespread lesions have been reported, especially in older ages in parallel with a higher severity of COVID-19 [19]. Moreover, some studies describe audio-vestibular symptoms connected with COVID-19, such as sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, or rotatory vertigo in adults [20]. Ocular implications, while not with severity, rarely have been revealed, mainly in isolated cases with chemosis or conjunctivitis, as presenting signs of SARS-CoV-2 infection [21].
Adverse events report of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine from 4040 healthcare workers
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2022
Selma Tosun, Hülya Ozkan Ozdemir, Esin Erdogan, Seniz Akcay, Murat Aysin, Neslihan Eskut, Pınar Ortan, Burak Eskut
The most common systemic VAEs following the first and the second dose are headache (21.5%, 16.8%); fatigue (18%, 15%); back pain (8.8%, 8.2%); pain around scapula (4.7%, 4.3%); subfebrile fever (4.5%, 2.8%). Among the gastrointestinal systemVAEs, the most common symptom was nausea (6.3%, 4.8%). Concerning the cardiovascular system, palpitations (4%, 3.7%), high blood pressure (3.2%, 2.8%), tachycardia (3.2%, 2.5%), and arrhythmia (1.6%, 1.6%) were reported. Additionally, neurological findings included drowsiness (9.6%, 8.2%) and dizziness (4.1%, 3.4%). Symptoms of fatigue and numbness in the arms and legs were also reported (Table 3). When the systemic VAEs reported after the first and second doses were compared headache, fatigue, subfebrile fever, nausea, vomiting, hypotension, drowsiness, numbness of the face were reported significantly higher after the first dose (p < 0.001, p = 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.005, p = 0.049, p = 0.033, p = 0.035, and p = 0.003, respectively) than the second-dose vaccination. An increase in appetite and lymph node swelling other than the vaccinated arm were reported significantly higher after the second-dose vaccination than the first dose (p = 0.033, p = 0.039, respectively) (Table 3).