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Anti-Inflammatory, Antimicrobial and Other Beneficial Effects of Allium sativum (Garlic)
Published in Mehwish Iqbal, Complementary and Alternative Medicinal Approaches for Enhancing Immunity, 2023
Garlic cloves are stated to have hundreds of plant chemicals, including sulfur constituents, such as allicin, ajoenes, diallyl disulfide, vinyldithiins, diallyl trisulfide and others that comprised 82% of the total sulfur content of garlic (El-Saber Batiha et al., 2020). Allicin, the most organically dynamic sulfur-holding constituent of garlic, is accountable for its taste and smell (Rahman, 2007; Slusarenko et al., 2008), while alliin is the chief allicin precursor, which contains around 70% of overall thiosulfinates found in the compressed cloves (Kaye et al., 2000). One of the odorant compounds, allyl mercaptan, is accountable for garlic breath and arises from the reciprocal action of diallyl disulfide or allicin with cysteine in the existence of S-ally-mercaptocysteine (Kaye et al., 2000; Lawson & Gardner, 2005). However, allicin, PCSO (S-propyl-cysteine-sulfoxide) and MCSO (S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide) are the chief smelly constituents of freshly ground homogenates of garlic (Zeng et al., 2017) (Figure 16.2).Chemical structure of allicin.
The Role of Natural Products in COVID-19
Published in Hanadi Talal Ahmedah, Muhammad Riaz, Sagheer Ahmed, Marius Alexandru Moga, The Covid-19 Pandemic, 2023
Iqra Akhtar, Sumera Javad, Tehreema Iftikhar, Amina Tariq, Hammad Majeed, Asma Ahmad, Muhammad Arfan, M. Zia-Ul-Haq
Garlic or Allium sativum belongs to Amaryllidaceae. It has a long history where humans used it as a spice. It is famous worldwide and is a part of different daily food dishes. It is also used for a number of home remedies for various ailments. It is an aromatic herb. Extracts of A. sativum exhibit antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, antidiabetic, anti-hypertensive, reno-protective, and anti-atherosclerotic. Its cloves possess several potent components, i.e., allicin, alliin, vinyldithiins, ajoenes (Figure 11.4), and flavonoid, which are the secret of its biological activities. These components or natural drugs also inhibit the ACE 2 site, thus blocking viruses to enter in the host cell [72].
Herbs with Antidepressant Effects
Published in Scott Mendelson, Herbal Treatment of Major Depression, 2019
Allium sativum contains a wide variety of phytochemicals, including flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, and glycosylated steroidal compounds. The common flavonoids apigenin, isorhamnetin, kaempferol, luteolin, quercetin, and myricetin are found in Allium sativum, as are the less common steroid-like sativosides, erubosides, tropeosides, ascalonicosides, and alliospirosides. It is uniquely rich in organosulfur compounds. Most notable among those compounds are allicin, alliin, isoalliin, ajoene, diallyl polysulfides, vinyldithiins, and S-allylcysteine.2
The potential agents from food for preventing leukopenia induced by benzene: garlic preparations
Published in Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 2019
Wenting Han, Ruogu Liu, Xiaoshuai Zhang, Peng Lv, Ming Li, Xujing Wang
Fresh garlic was purchased from a fixed local market in Jinan, China, and stored at 4 °C. The homogenate was prepared every day before feeding to mice. The chemical composition of fresh raw garlic homogenate was determined previously using LC-MS (Padiya et al. 2014). The five major compounds present in garlic homogenates are r-glutamyl-s-allyl-L-cysteine, alliin, S-allyl-L-cysteine, vinyldithiin and allicin.