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Herbs with Antidepressant Effects
Published in Scott Mendelson, Herbal Treatment of Major Depression, 2019
Some of the nociceptive effects of Corydalis yanhusuo are mediated by antagonism of dopamine type 2 (DA2) receptors. At least two alkaloids from corydalis, l-tetrahydropalmatine and dehydrocorybulbine, block DA2 receptors. DA2 receptor knock-out mice do not exhibit an anti-nociceptive response to Corydalis yanhusuo in models of neuropathic pain, though they obtain relief from pain due to inflammation.2 Tetrahydropalmatine also antagonizes activity at 5-HT2 receptors, and thus it shares some important characteristics with the so-called atypical anti-psychotics that can enhance the effects of standard antidepressants.3 Recent studies have also shown that alkaloids from Corydalis yanhusuo may be useful in the treatment of MDD.
Phytotherapeutic Agents in Epilepsy
Published in Vikas Kumar, Addepalli Veeranjaneyulu, Herbs for Diabetes and Neurological Disease Management, 2018
dl-Tetrahydropalmatine is the active component isolated from a Chinese herbal medicine Corydalis species (Fam. Papaveraceae). The drug has been found to be a very effective antiepileptogenic and anticonvulsant agent affording significant protection against the development of amygdala kindling seizures in rats.147
Inhibiting Insulin Resistance and Accumulation of Triglycerides and Cholesterol in the Liver
Published in Christophe Wiart, Medicinal Plants in Asia for Metabolic Syndrome, 2017
Koruk et al. observed increased plasmatic malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and lower activity of superoxide dismutase in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and suggested an impairment of hepatic antioxidant enzymatic defense system.83,84 In hepatocytes, superoxide dismutase converts superoxide into hydrogen peroxide, oxygen, and water.85 Glutathione peroxidase catalyzes reductive destruction of hydrogen peroxide and lipid hydroperoxide using glutathione.85 Increased intrahepatic levels of fatty acids are a source of oxidative stress, which interferes with insulin sensitivity. Corydalis saxicola Bunt elaborates series of hepatoprotective alkaloids of which tetrahydropalmatine,86 palmatine,87 protopine,88 berberine, coptisine, and dehydroapocavidine.89 Dehydrocavidine given at a dose of 1 mg/kg before or after carbon tetrachloride poisoning, prevented the increase of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and reduced the peroxidation of hepatic lipids as evidenced by a decrease in malondialdehyde, and commanded an increase in hepatic superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase.90 Histopathological observation of the liver of rodents pretreated with dehydrocavidine evidenced a reduction of liver injuries compared to the untreated group.90 The metabolism of carbon tetrachloride by cytochrome P450 in the liver leads to the formation of reactive oxygen species resulting in acute hepatic insults.91 The precise molecular basis for the hepatoprotective effect of protoberberine is not yet determined. Domitrović et al. suggested that free radicals trigger tumor necrosis release factors from Kupffer cells and injured hepatocytes, which further activates nuclear factor-κB, and downstream expression of inducible nitric oxide synthetase and cyclooxygenase-2, which are inhibited by berberine on account of, at least, radical scavenging activity.92 Clinical trials are warranted.
Process validation and in vitro-in vivo evaluation of rosuvastatin calcium tablets
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2022
Mingjin Xun, Hui Guo, Qingyan Cui, Guimin Zhang, Zhong Feng, Lei Gui, Liying Zhai
Plasma concentrations of rosuvastatin calcium were determined using validated liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. A 500 µL aliquot of plasma and 50 µL of internal standard solution (Tetrahydropalmatine, Chengdu Pruifa Technology Development Co., Ltd., batch number LY0603) were added to 4 ml ethyl acetate. The mixture was vortexed for 3 min and then centrifuged approximately at 1 341.6 × g for 10 min at 4 °C. A 3.5 ml aliquot of the diluted supernatant was taken and dried with a nitrogen blow-drying apparatus and redissolved with 100 ul methanol. The mixture was vortexed for 3 min and then centrifuged approximately at 8385 × g for 10 min at 4 °C. The diluted supernatant was injected onto the analytical column for liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis.
Autologous erythrocytes delivery of berberine hydrochloride with long-acting effect for hypolipidemia treatment
Published in Drug Delivery, 2020
Zhongyao Cheng, Siyu Liu, Xinyi Wu, Faisal Raza, Yichen Li, Weien Yuan, Mingfeng Qiu, Jing Su
Berberine hydrochloride (HPLC ≥ 99%) and tetrahydropalmatine were purchased from Meilun Biologics (Dalian, China). Sodium bicarbonate was obtained from Macklin (Shanghai, China). Glutaraldehyde solution (50 wt% in H2O) and glucose were purchased from Shanghai Titan Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Methanol at HPLC grade was purchased from Merck & Co., Inc. (Kenilworth, NJ). PBS (phosphate-buffered saline, 500 mL) and FITC (fluorescein isothiocyanate, 10 mg) were purchased from Tianjin Biolite Biotech Co, Ltd (Tianjin, China). All other chemicals were of analytical grade. NHC-LC-Biotin reagent was purchased from APExBIO Company (Houston, TX). FITC streptavidin was obtained from Nanjing Xinfan Biological Technology Co., Ltd. (Jiangsu, China) BCA Protein Quantification Kit was purchased from BOSTER Biological Technology, Wuhan, China. Na+/K+-ATPase Kit, Annexin V-FITC kit were both purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute, Jiangsu, China.
Advances in phytochemical and modern pharmacological research of Rhizoma Corydalis
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2020
Bing Tian, Ming Tian, Shu-Ming Huang
The protoberberine alkaloids are composed of the tetracyclic rings system based on dibenzoquinolizine system, which is the ‘berberine bridge’ carbon formed by benzylisoquinolines coupled with the isoquinoline N-methyl group after phenol oxidation (Wang et al. 2019). To date, 41 protoberberine compounds have been found in RC. It contains tertiary amine bases such as tetrahydropalmatine (21) and quaternary ammonium bases such as berberine (9). Among them, tetrahydroberberine (THB), corydaline, tetrahydropalmatine (THP), and berberine (Ber) which have a significant analgesic effect (Wang et al. 2013; Guo et al. 2014), and dehydrocorydaline (DHC), tetrahydrocoptisine (THC) and coptisine having an anti-coronary heart disease and anti-inflammatory properties (Ishiguro et al. 2011; Li et al. 2013).