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Herbs with Antidepressant Effects
Published in Scott Mendelson, Herbal Treatment of Major Depression, 2019
The Botanical Safety Handbook notes no known interactions of Corydalis yanhusuo with medications.18 Studies have, however, shown possible interactions. A total alkaloid extract of Corydalis yanhusuo upregulated levels of cytochromes P450 enzymes in rat liver,19 whereas in another study, the alkaloid corydaline extracted from the herb potently inhibited CYP2C19 and CYP2C9 enzymes. To a lesser extent, it inhibited CYP3A.20
Metabolic profiles of corydaline in rats by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry
Published in Xenobiotica, 2019
Liwei Chai, Paul Owusu Donkor, Kun Wang, Yingjie Sun, Mahmood Brobbey Oppong, Kai Wang, Liqin Ding, Feng Qiu
Corydaline is one of the main isoquinoline alkaloids obtained from the rhizomes of Corydalis yanhusuo, which has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine due to its analgesic and antiulcer effects (Kubo et al., 1994; Matsuda et al., 1995; Yuan et al., 2004). Pharmacological investigations indicate that corydaline inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) (Tang & Chen, 2014), neuraminidase (NA) (Kim et al., 2014) and thrombin-induced platelet aggregation (Zhang et al., 2016) facilitates gastric accommodation (Lee et al., 2010) and inhibits acetylcholinesterase and butyl cholinesterase inhibitory activities (Adsersen et al., 2007; Berkov et al., 2008). Besides, it has potential anti-angiogenic (Wei et al., 2017), anti-allergic (Saito et al., 2004) and anti-nociceptive (Wang et al., 2010) effects.
Advances in phytochemical and modern pharmacological research of Rhizoma Corydalis
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2020
Bing Tian, Ming Tian, Shu-Ming Huang
Rhizoma Corydalis (RC), also known as Corydalis yanhusuo, YuanHu, YanHu, or XuanHu in China, is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prepared from the dried tubers of Corydalis yanhusuo (Y. H. Chou and Chun C. Hsu) W. T. Wang ex Z. Y. Su and C. Y. Wu (Papaveraceae). (Wang et al. 2016). RC has a long history of medicinal use and is mainly cultivated in the Zhejiang, Jiangxi, and Anhui provinces of China. RC was first recorded in Shennong Herbal Classic and was listed as a medium-grade drug. RC is pungent, bitter, and warm, and is transported to the spleen and the liver meridians. In TCM, RC is believed to have functions such as activating blood, reinforcing vital energy, and relieving pain (Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission (CPC) 2015). In the clinical practice of Chinese medicine, RC often appears as a compound. Alkaloids are important biological active constituents of RC (Wu et al. 2012), including tertiary amines, quaternary alkaloids, and many non-alkaloids. Presently, more than 80 alkaloids have been isolated and identified from RC (Xiao et al. 2011; Zhou et al. 2012). Modern medical research has revealed that RC has significant analgesic, sedative, and hypnotic effects, and in a variety of diseases such as arrhythmia, gastric ulcer, and coronary heart disease, it displays a good clinical effect (CPC 2015; Wang et al. 2016). To date, however, there has been no comprehensive review on the phytochemical and the pharmacological effects of RC. Based on the high therapeutic value of RC, we sought to systematically summarize the latest findings regarding the phytochemical and pharmacological effects of RC and its bioactive components between 1982 and 2019 by using Google Scholar and the journal databases Scopus, PubMed, and CNKI, in an attempt to provide a foundational knowledge guide for its subsequent research and utilization.
The extraordinary transformation of traditional Chinese medicine: processing with liquid excipients
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2020
Zhi Chen, Si-Yong Ye, Rong-Gang Zhu
The change of TCM properties is a core processing principle of Chinese herbal medicine, its origin being the material base and bioactivity change. Even in the same herb processed with different liquid excipients, the chemical composition and content of the drug will vary greatly and affect the clinical efficacy. Corydalis yanhusuo W.T.Wang. (Papaveraceae) tuber (Yanhusuo) has the function of moving ‘Qi’, activating blood and relieving pain. It is used as an herbal medicine for the treatment of heart pain, impediments, dysmenorrhoea, amenorrhoea, obstruction and postpartum stasis (Tian et al. 2020). Current research (Wang et al. 2011; Zhang et al. 2020) mainly focuses on tertiary and quaternary alkaloids which are considered as the effective components of Yanhusuo. According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission (2015 edition), the quality maker for Yanhusuo is tetrahydropalmatine which is proven one of the main alkaloids responsible for the pharmacological properties (Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission 2015). Crude drugs should be processed before using, Yanhusuo has been used mainly in rice vinegar and yellow rice wine processed form. Rice vinegar improve the pain relief effect, while yellow rice wine increases the efficacy of the herbal drug (Bensky et al. 2004). The vinegar solubilizes the free alkaloids of Yanhusuo based on acid–base reaction, while the wine is a good organic solvent that can increase the water solubility of active substances. Researchers (Zhang et al. 2009; Dou et al. 2012) found processing with vinegar can improve the analgesic effect of Yanhusuo and can also change the pharmacokinetics of the main alkaloids. For example, vinegar processing was shown to cause a decrease in berberine and protopine and an increase in tetrahydropalmatine (Chen et al. 2003; Zhang et al. 2008). In clinical trials, vinegar processed Yanhusuo exhibited the best analgesic effect and has been used in the treatment of gynecological disorders especially in dysmenorrhoea. Wine processed Yanhusuo caused the dissolution of total alkaloids in water, which mainly plays a role in antithrombotic, antinociceptive and antiinflammatory effects (Li et al. 2013a). The different effects of different processed Yanhusuo are shown in Figure 1.