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Essential Oils in Cancer Therapy
Published in K. Hüsnü Can Başer, Gerhard Buchbauer, Handbook of Essential Oils, 2020
Carmen Trummer, Gerhard Buchbauer
The monoterpene carvacrol is widespread in many EOs of the Lamiaceae plant family. For example, it is present in the EO fraction of Origanum, Satureja, Thymbra, Thymus, and Corydothymus. Koparal and Zeytinoglu (2003) investigated the effects of carvacrol on a human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, A549. Usually the A549 cells exhibit a polygonal shape and a sheet-like pattern in the culture, which is like the epithelial origin. The authors treated the cells with four different concentrations of the oil (100, 250, 500, and 1000 μM) for 24 h; 100 μM of carvacrol did not show any effects, but the treatment with 250 μM of carvacrol lead to morphological shape changes of the cells. At concentrations of 500 and 1000 μM, carvacrol exerted apoptotic characteristics, and morphological changes could be described. The phenolic compound carvacrol is also well known for its antibacterial, antifungal, analgesic, and antioxidant activities.
Effects of thymol and carvacrol on sperm quality and oxidant/antioxidant balance in rats
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2019
Mehmet Güvenç, Mustafa Cellat, İshak Gökçek, İlker Yavaş, Şule Yurdagül Özsoy
Thymol (2-isopropyl-5-methyl-phenol) is a monoterpene phenol, which is found in the essential oils extracted from the plants belonging to Lamiaceae family (Thymus, Ocimum, Origonum, Satureja, Thymbra, Monarda) (Licata et al. 2015). Similarly, carvacrol is another monoterpene phenol found in the essential oils of thyme, watercress, marjoram and wild bergamot. For example, the carvacrol content in thyme oil is 5–75%, in dittany 50% and origanum dictamnus is 60–80%. Carvacrol has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumoral, antibacterial, antifungal, analgesic, antiparasitic and antigenotoxic effects (Suntres et al. 2015; Can Baser 2008). Aristatile et al. (2015) showed in their study that carvacrol contributes to the repair of the oxidative damage caused by the UVB-rays. El-Sayed et al. (2015) reported that thymol and carvacrol had antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects in rats with nephropathy induced by cisplatin.
The natural plant compound carvacrol as an antimicrobial and anti-biofilm agent: mechanisms, synergies and bio-inspired anti-infective materials
Published in Biofouling, 2018
Anna Marchese, Carla Renata Arciola, Erika Coppo, Ramona Barbieri, Davide Barreca, Salima Chebaibi, Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez, Seyed Fazel Nabavi, Seyed Mohammad Nabavi, Maria Daglia
CAR is the predominant monoterpenic phenol in many aromatic plants (Table 1), dominating their essential oils, including species from the family Labiatae: Satureja, Thymbra, Thymus, Origanum and Corydothymus, which have been used through the ages as a flavouring in food (D’Antuono et al. 2000; Kintzios 2002; De Vincenzi et al. 2004; Sökmen et al. 2004). The most common organic source is Origanum in which it can reach levels of ∼75% (D’Antuono et al. 2000; Kintzios 2002; De Vincenzi et al. 2004; Sökmen et al. 2004).