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Common Medicines from Herbs, Minerals and Animal Sources
Published in Mehwish Iqbal, Complementary and Alternative Medicinal Approaches for Enhancing Immunity, 2023
The oil drawn out from ajwain has demonstrated significant analgesic, antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antitussive effects as well as bronchodilatory, antioxidant and antitumour activities (Moein et al., 2015). The carvacrol, thymol and phenols are accountable for the expectorant, antitussive and antiseptic activities. Trachyspermum ammi has also been used traditionally as a milk-enhancing agent in humans. Generally, thymol is identified for its antibacterial activities. Thymol is typically integrated into mouthwashes because of its antimicrobial activity against bacteria in the oral cavity (Asif et al., 2014). It is utilised as vermifuge, spasmogenic, lactagogue, fungicide, diaphoretic, aphrodisiac, carminative, hypotensive, antiseptic, tonic, litholytic, gastrostimulant, emmenagogue, cardio depressant, antispasmodic, diuretic, gastro relaxant, expectorant, laxative, sialogogue and stomachic (Duke, 2001).
Spices as Eco-friendly Microbicides: From Kitchen to Clinic
Published in Mahendra Rai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Eco-Friendly Biobased Products Used in Microbial Diseases, 2022
Essential oils and its individual compounds are widely used in cosmetic products due to analgesic, antiseptic, antimicrobial, carminative, diuretic, spasmolytic to hyperaemic and stimulatory activities. Creams, gels and ointments containing essential oils possess antibacterial and antifungal activities and do not require any additional chemical preservative. For example, thymol is used in small concentrations (less than 1 mM concentrations) in Cosmetic formulations, as denaturant and fragrance ingredient,Foods, as preservative against food-borne microorganisms and synthetic flavoring,External drugs for its preservative properties, andProducts such as insecticides, fungicides, other biocidal products and as a room deodorant. The use of thymol in drugs is limited by its moderate cytotoxicity as evident from in vitro human and animal cells, and in experimental animal studies.
Monographs of fragrance chemicals and extracts that have caused contact allergy / allergic contact dermatitis
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
Thymol is a white crystalline solid; its odor type is herbal and its odor is described as ‘spicy, phenolic and thymol with a chemical, medicinal, camphoreous nuance’ (www.thegoodscentscompany.com). Thymol is a major constituent of oil of thyme (see ‘Presence in essential oils’ below). It also occurs naturally in food stuffs such as lime honey and cooking herbs and thymol is used as a synthetic flavoring for foods. In addition it is used in lavender compositions, in men’s fragrances, and as a disinfectant in oral hygiene products. It is an ingredient in topical over-the-counter cold and cough preparations. Thymol is used as a preservative for documents, art objects and urine. The chemical is also used to make other compounds, notably racemic menthol, and has applications as a laboratory reagent. In addition, thymol is employed in products applied to beehives to control the varroa mite and in animal repellant products (U.S. National Library of Medicine).
Comparison of ultrastructural changes and the anticarcinogenic effects of thymol and carvacrol on ovarian cancer cells: which is more effective?
Published in Ultrastructural Pathology, 2020
Hulya Elbe, Gurkan Yigitturk, Turker Cavusoglu, Tuba Baygar, Melike Ozgul Onal, Feral Ozturk
Extensive researches about biologically active compounds from essential oils have proven to be potential antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant agents.10 Accumulating data has revealed the anticarcinogenic activity of plant-derived monoterpenes.8,9 Thymol (2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol) is a major phenolic compound that is present in the essential oils of various plants, including Thymus vulgaris (Lamiaceae).11,12 Several biological properties were reported for thymol that it has antiinflammatory, antibacterial, antispasmodic, wound healing and antioxidant effects. It is also an active compound for the inhibition of cancer cells.11–14 Thymol is a major phenolic compound present in the essential oil of Thymus vulgaris.11,15
Enhancement of the Therapeutic Effect of Albendazole on Cystic Echinococcosis using a Herbal Product
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2019
Mohammad Moazeni, Hassan Borji, Meysam Saboor Darbandi
In this study, we obtained more satisfactory results with the combination of albendazole and Z. multiflora AW than albendazole alone. The advantages of Z. multiflora over the other chemical or herbal scolicidal agents are its antioxidant,39–42 immunostimulatory43,44 and hepatoprotective45,46 properties. Additionally, there is little concern regarding the toxic or intensive adverse effects of Z. multiflora following the consumption of this herbal plant at pharmacologically relevant doses.13 Furthermore, Z. multiflora may enhance the body's resistance against the effects of hazardous chemical agents.47 Thymol at the dose of 40 mg/kg (every 12 hr for 10 days or every 24 thisr for 20 days) has shown no toxicity in laboratory mice.30 In addition, according to European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) and based on previous studies, thymol as the main ingredient of Z. multiflora essential oil can be considered as a safe compound with no teratogenicity or chronic side effects.13
X-ray microtomography assessment of Carisolv and Papacarie effect on dentin mineral density and amount of removed tissue
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2018
Jehan AlHumaid, Fahad Al-Harbi, Maha El Tantawi, Abeer Elembaby
The study included teeth extracted from adult patients in the Oral Surgery Clinic of the University of Dammam. Patients’ consent was secured. Approval to conduct the study was obtained from the Research Unit, College of Dentistry and the study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Twenty permanent molars with open lesions and no overhangs were randomly selected. They were immersed in 0.1% thymol solution at room temperature for 2 weeks followed by distilled water at −4 °C and used within 3 months after extraction. Soft tissues remnants and calculus were removed with ultrasonic scaler. Teeth were embedded in self-cured acrylic resin blocks, with their long axes perpendicular to occlusal surfaces, which were in one plane with the acrylic resin blocks to facilitate manipulation. All teeth were subjected to X-ray microtomography scan before and after caries removal to record the volume of RT and DMD.