China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Aquatic Plants Native to America
Published in Namrita Lall, Aquatic Plants, 2020
Bianca D. Fibrich, Jacqueline Maphutha, Carel B. Oosthuizen, Danielle Twilley, Khan-Van Ho, Chung-Ho Lin, Leszek P. Vincent, T. N. Shilpa, N. P. Deepika, B. Duraiswamy, S. P. Dhanabal, Suresh M. Kumar, Namrita Lall
The chemical constituents of E. berteroi have not been identified; however, trans aconitic acid was identified as the main compound through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) quantification from the dried leaves of Echinodorus grandiflorus (a plant from the same genus) (Figure 4.14a) (Schnitzler et al. 2007). Phytol and linalool have been reported as the major phytochemical compounds present in the essential oils of E. grandiflorus (Figure 4.14b and c) (Pimenta et al. 2006). Several other compounds have been isolated from the Echinodorus genus as listed in Table 4.10.
Evaluation of Anti-ulcer Potential of Sphenodesme involucrata var. paniculata (C.B. Clarke) Munir Leaves on Various Gastric Aggressive Factors
Published in Parimelazhagan Thangaraj, Phytomedicine, 2020
P. S. Sreeja, K. Arunachalam, Parimelazhagan Thangaraj
The presence of a variety of 21 phytoconstituents, such as phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl), hexadecanoic acid, (9E,12E)-9,12-Octadecadienoyl chloride, palmitic acid, phytol, methyl stearate, 9,12-Octadecadienoiccid, etc., was found through Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) study in methanol leaf extracts. Also, the Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis in the leaf methanol extracts observed the presence of various compounds, such as austricine, benzylglucosinolate, gossypin, justicidin B, and cirsimarin.
Herbal Extracts and Their Bioactivities: Comparative Phytoconstituent Analysis of Selected Medicinal Plants Using GC-MS/FTIR Techniques
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Ramasamy Harikrishnan, The Role of Phytoconstitutents in Health Care, 2020
C. Stanley Okereke, O. Uche Arunsi, E. Martina Ilondu, S. Chieme Chukwudoruo
The distribution of the major phytochemicals in the leaf extract of A. conyzoides, C. odorata, and F. exasperata is presented in Figure 2.4 and Table 2.6. The Venn diagram summarizes the occurrence of phytochemicals in A. conyzoides, C. odorata, and F. exasperata, with n-Hexadecanoic acid as most predominant botanical among the major bioactive compounds isolated from the three plant samples. Squalene and alpha-linolenic acid were present in both A. conyzoides and C. odorata; while phytol was present in A. conyzoides and F. exasperata.
Phytol Down-Regulates Expression of Some Cancer Stem Cell Markers and Decreases Side Population Proportion in Human Embryonic Carcinoma NCCIT Cells
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2021
Sara Soltanian, Mahboubeh Sheikhbahaei, Mahsa Ziasistani
Phytol is a diterpene alcohol detected as a major component in some plants. It has various pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, antimutagenic, antidiabetic, antispasmodic, immunoadjuvant, anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic and antidepressant properties. Several reports have demonstrated antioxidant potential and cytotoxic activity of phytol derived from different plants against various cancer cell lines (48–51). Kim et al showed phytol suppresses EMT (Epithelial-mesenchymal transition) process via regulation of EMT molecules (24). During EMT, epithelial cells dissociate from each other, lose cell-cell adhesion and covert into mesenchymal phenotype. This process contribute to the acquisition of invasive properties that are necessary for metastasis (52, 53) and its molecular hallmark is downregulation of epithelial markers such as E-cadherin and upregulation of mesenchymal markers, including N-cadherin, Vimentin and Snail (52, 53). It was shown that phytol reverse loss of E-cadherin and overexpression of p-smad2/3, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and snail in hepatocellular carcinoma cells (29). Given that cells that have undergone an EMT share many features with CSCs, have drug resistant phenotype and express stem cell markers (44, 54), it is likely that phytol with anti-EMT properties has inhibitory effect on CSCs and expression of CSC markers.
Phytol, not propylene glycol, causes severe pulmonary injury after inhalation dosing in Sprague-Dawley rats
Published in Inhalation Toxicology, 2021
Daniela Schwotzer, Andrew Gigliotti, Hammad Irshad, Wendy Dye, Jacob McDonald
Propylene Glycol (PG), vegetable glycerin (VG), or medium chain triglycerides (MCT) are the most commonly used thinning agents. PG is used as well in the delivery of nicotine in the tobacco industry, and is reasonably well studied. Phytol is another suitable thinning agent and of great interest, because it is a terpene, naturally occurring in low levels in Cannabis and other plant-based products. Its origin makes Phytol attractive for the use in Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or Cannabidiol (CBD) vaping products. Positive health effects have been reported for Phytol when included in food and it is generally considered as safe when ingested (Phillips et al. 2011). Other terpenes can be found in vape pens as well and in many cases, they are used as a mixture that is derived from the plant itself. Despite its current use in products that are available on the market, the effects of Phytol after inhalation have not been investigated. There is a lack of research on its toxicology at high dose levels. Phytol is used as a precursor for Vitamin E synthesis, and Vitamin E acetate is assumed to be related to a series of death and severe lung injury after inhalation from vaping products (Blount et al. 2020). Such relation and the lack of data on Phytol toxicology after inhalation, support the necessity of research on this topic and assess its safety before the use in vaping pens becomes more popular.
Phytol-loaded PLGA nanoparticle as a modulator of Alzheimer’s toxic Aβ peptide aggregation and fibrillation associated with impaired neuronal cell function
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2018
Sethuraman Sathya, Balakrishnan Shanmuganathan, Shanmugasundram Saranya, Sethuraman Vaidevi, Kandasamy Ruckmani, Kasi Pandima Devi
Phytol is a natural compound with numerous pharmacological properties; however, the utility of phytol is greatly restricted because of its hydrophobic nature of this compound and as a result it is poorly soluble in biological fluids. However, this problem was overcome through an encapsulation process. In the present study, phytol was successfully encapsulated into PLGA nanoparticle by solvent evaporation method. The results showed that the drug/polymer ratio 1:4 has nearly 92% of EE, which could be explicated that the encapsulation process improved the solubility of phytol and thereby influenced its physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties [20]. The high entrapment efficiency of phytol loaded PLGA NPs observed in the current study could be attributed to the ionic interactions between the phytol and PLGA NPs and it also reduces the wastage of phytol molecules during the encapsulation process.