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Avoiding Risky Substances and Environmental Exposures
Published in Michelle Tollefson, Nancy Eriksen, Neha Pathak, Improving Women's Health Across the Lifespan, 2021
Natasha DeJarnett, Neha Pathak
Cosmetics are products that can be applied to the body ranging from skin to hair care. According to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA):It’s against the law for a cosmetic to contain any ingredient that makes the product harmful when consumers use it according to directions on the label, or in the customary or expected way… Under U.S. law, cosmetic products and ingredients, other than color additives, do not need FDA approval before they go on the market. Cosmetic manufacturers have a legal responsibility for the safety and labeling of their products.68
Preservatives and Preservation
Published in Philip A. Geis, Cosmetic Microbiology, 2020
On the basis of FDA enforcement and recall reporting data, the primary concerns for cosmetics are ingredient safety, especially for color additives, and microbiological adulteration (3). Clearly, the latter has been and continues to be the most significant and increasing risk in recent years (3,5). Most infections resulting from exposure of healthy individuals to contaminated cosmetics would be expected to be transient, superficial and limited unless damaged skin was exposed (6,7). However, much more serious issues have been reported especially among those considered immunocompromised. Wilson and Ahearn reported serious eye infections, including blindness resulting from the use of contaminated mascaras (8). Here the compromising factor was found to be physical disruption of corneal surface by careless use of mascara wands. Some authors have reported serious and even fatal infection traced to contaminated cosmetic products (9–12). These risks were associated with systemically immunocompromised population, a group estimated to compose over 25% of the US population (13). This includes those suffering chronic illnesses such as diabetes, cystic fibrosis, and AIDs, the very young and the very old, those undergoing immunocompromising therapeutic regimens for conditions ranging from cancer to rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn’s disease, as well as those constrained by temporary those conditions such pregnancy, existing infection, and compromised skin.
Cosmetic-Medical Treatments
Published in Paloma Tejero, Hernán Pinto, Aesthetic Treatments for the Oncology Patient, 2020
M. Lourdes Mourelle, B. N. Díaz
Cosmetics are products aimed at improving the structure, morphology, and appearance of skin, with the assistance of excipients and active ingredients adapted to different skin types (normal, oily, combination, sensitive, etc.). Cosmeceuticals, although a term not officially recognized, are defined as “cosmetic products with biologically active ingredients purporting to have medical or drug-like benefits” [22].
Microencapsulation of retinyl palmitate by melt dispersion for cosmetic application
Published in Journal of Microencapsulation, 2020
Aditi Nandy, Eliza Lee, Abhyuday Mandal, Raha Saremi, Suraj Sharma
In this study, we investigated a novel approach of melt dispersion to microencapsulate RP with a view to making the cosmetic formulation sustainable as well as cost-effective. Melt dispersion is an inexpensive and convenient method that can produce free-flowing particles with mean size range of 50–150 µm (Djordjević et al.2015). This size range is suitable for cosmetic applications. Melt dispersion method has not been explored before to microencapsulate retinoids, possibly because the process involves heating and melting of encapsulation materials. However, waxes have been previously used to encapsulate bioactive compound, including heat-sensitive ones (Bodmeier et al.1992). Natural waxes such as beeswax can provide anti-inflammatory, skin softening and skin healing properties, whereas carnauba wax helps provide protective skin barrier. Using natural ingredients in cosmetic formulation can provide skin benefits, without incorporating auxiliary solvents or chemicals that can have adverse side effects on sensitive skin. Other encapsulation methods such as coacervation, ionic gelation or inclusion complexation often require the use of stabilizers/crosslinking agents or expensive methods of preparation. From this perspective, in order to encapsulate active ingredient such as retinoids, melt dispersion can be an economical and eco-friendly method to impart skin- benefits of retinyl palmitate as well as natural waxes, with minimum use of synthetic chemicals.
Nanotechnology for the development of new cosmetic formulations
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 2019
Ana Cláudia Santos, Francisca Morais, Ana Simões, Irina Pereira, Joana A. D. Sequeira, Miguel Pereira-Silva, Francisco Veiga, António Ribeiro
The term ‘nanotechnology’ is currently related to several areas of knowledge, and its applications can be found in electronics, healthcare, chemical or even food consumers [3]. In this respect, cosmetics industry is one of the strongest stimulating applications of nanotechnology. The growing interest of people in improving their appearance boosts the cosmetics industry, so there is a requirement to keep pace with the development of new technologies aiming to better meet consumer demands [4]. The different areas comprising nanotechnology in cosmetic formulations are illustrated in Figure 1. Nanoparticles (NPs) are an open door for new products with improvements in formulation, active ingredients delivery, skin penetration or long-lasting effects. All these benefits may be achieved by nanoemulsions, liposomes, polymeric NPs, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), among others [5,6], which will be thoroughly exposed in this review.
Formulation and evaluation of carrot seed oil-based cosmetic emulsions
Published in Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2019
Shalini Singh, Alka Lohani, Arun Kumar Mishra, Anurag Verma
Finding solutions against the signs of aging has been a natural human desire for centuries. This desire has spawned the use of cosmetics to modify the appearance of the skin since ancient times and has led to the creation of a vast industry in modern times (1). The quest for looking young is so intense that the global skin care market is anticipated to reach a value of US$155.4 billion by the end of 2021 (2). Because of this, the market is flooded with cosmetic products claiming magical results within a short period of application. However, most of these cosmetic products contain harmful active ingredients or formulation ingredients. Some toxic ingredients illegally remain unlabeled. Of particular concern are hormonal phthalates, carcinogens, precursors of carcinogens, endocrine or hormonally disrupting chemicals, penetration enhancers and allergens.