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Surface Engineered Graphene Oxide and Its Derivatives
Published in Devarajan Thangadurai, Saher Islam, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Viral and Antiviral Nanomaterials, 2022
Zaira Zaman Chowdhury, Abu Nasser Faisal, Shahjalal Mohammad Shibly, Devarajan Thangadurai, Saher Islam, Jeyabalan Sangeetha
Resistance toward a drug is a significant reason for unsuccessful chemotherapy. Thus, chemo-photothermal therapy has been proposed as a viable way to alleviate the problem (Tran et al. 2015). Functionalized, biocompatible GO can be utilized as a multipurpose medication-delivery vector. Hypocrellin A/SN-38 were co-loaded onto GO. The system showed higher cytotoxic effect rather than the individual compound. Doxorubicin (DOX) and irinotecan co-loaded with GO was stabilized with poloxamer188 for prolonged blood circulation under the laser irradiation (Tran et al. 2015). A brief overview on covalent and noncovalent functionalization of GO is illustrated in Table 17.1.
Gold Nanoparticles as Promising Agents for Cancer Therapy
Published in Hala Gali-Muhtasib, Racha Chouaib, Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Treatment, 2020
Nadine Karaki, Hassan Hajj Ali, Assem El Kak
Photothermal therapy is a physical method of cancer treatment for those tumors that cannot be removed by surgery. It is most efficient in the form of three modes: local, regional, and whole-body hyperthermia [101].
Recent Progress in Cancer Thermal Therapy Using Gold Nanoparticles *
Published in Valerio Voliani, Nanomaterials and Neoplasms, 2021
Nardine S. Abadeer, Catherine J. Murphy
Therefore, the effect of a chosen surface ligand on cell viability and cell behavior is an important consideration before biological exposure. Third, since gold nanoparticles are highly tunable in their size, shape, and surface chemistry it may be possible to engineer them for maximum tumor accumulation in vivo [44]. Nanoparticles that are 60–400 nm in diameter can extravasate in solid tumors due to the leakiness of tumor vasculature, allowing for a passive form of tumor targeting. This is known as the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and is well-documented in the literature [45, 46]. Finally, gold nanoparticles can be designed to more actively target tumor sites through modification of their surface chemistry. A wide array of small molecules, proteins, and peptides have been developed to bind to specific receptors on tumor cells with varying degrees of tumor accumulation [47]. Targeting ligands may include antibodies that bind to an overexpressed protein [48], RNA/DNA aptamers that fold into unique 3D conformations via intermolecular interactions and bind to target molecules on cellular surfaces [49, 50], or molecules such as folate to facilitate translocation into cancer cells overexpressing folate receptors via receptor-mediated endocytosis [51]. Then, once gold nanoparticles bind to or accumulate in cells/tumors, NIR irradiation can trigger photothermal heating [34]. Nanoparticle LSPR and irradiation conditions can be designed to maximize heating efficiency [22]. Because irradiation is localized at the tumor site, this may avert unwanted side effects associated with conventional cancer treatments. However, photothermal therapy may also be used in conjunction with other cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy, to enhance tumor destruction [28].
Emerging theranostics to combat cancer: a perspective on metal-based nanomaterials
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2022
Tejas Girish Agnihotri, Shyam Sudhakar Gomte, Aakanchha Jain
Inorganic nanotools have been proven to possess feasible characteristics for multiple applications due to their versatility to be used in diagnostic as well as therapeutic tools. Photothermal therapy is an emerging complementary and/or alternative strategy to improve the impact of currently available cancer therapies. It is based on the principle of light-to-heat conversion of the material, which possesses light absorption capability. It has been reported that due to the hypoxic and acidic characteristics of the tumor tissues, they are highly sensitive to raised temperature than normal tissues. With a slight increase in temperature from around 40–45 °C, tumor cells undergo apoptosis, whereas normal cells remain unaffected. Based on this principle, Chu et al. [90] synthesized copper sulfide (CuS)-based NPs using bovine serum albumin following which photothermal treatment was applied combined with MRI. The characterization studies such as size, morphology, and size distribution showed narrow distribution with an average diameter of around 16.5 ± 2.2 nm. Cytotoxicity analysis performed on A549 and LO2 cells via the CCK-8 method showed that more than 80% of the A549 cells survived after 1 h and 2 days of incubation with the NPs, and at least 90% of LO2 cells remained viable, indicative of low toxicity. It was found that these NPs exhibited exceptional photothermal stability, and low cytotoxicity and showed an effective killing of A549 tumor cells under near-infrared laser (980 nm).
Predicting the effect of phototherapy method on breast cancer cells by mathematical modeling: UV-IR non-ionization radiation with gold nanoparticles
Published in Nanotoxicology, 2020
Fatemeh Hataminia, Hossein Ghanbari
According to previous studies, photothermal therapy has a remarkable therapeutic effect on cancer cells (Zhang et al. 2011). Phototherapy is a minimally invasive oncological treatment strategy in which photon energy is selectively delivered to the tumor tissue to induce hyperthermia at the cellular level (Heidari, Salouti, and Sariri 2015). It has been shown that gold nanoparticles (GNPs) when excited by a wavelength beam in the range of 700–800 nm, can lead to photothermal phenomena(El-Hussein et al. 2015). In a study, the effect of radiation on GNPs irradiated with UV-vis was investigated, where reactive oxygen species generated by the photocatalytic activity of GNPs (Okumura et al. 2007) depended on the energy absorption and the concentration of nanoparticles (Misawa and Takahashi 2011). It is commonly recognized that the position of absorbance wavelength varies relative to the physicochemical properties of GNPs. A mechanism involved in the cytotoxicity induced by these NPs is surface plasmon Raman (SPR; Shevtsov et al. 2018; Sharifi et al. 2019). It consists of two modes: one is hyperthermia created by the photothermal effect and the other is the creation of active oxidative elements in the photodynamic phenomenon. Therefore, changes in the absorbance spectrum of GNPs can potentially affect the severity and type of cytotoxicity.
Cross-linked nanoparticles of silk fibroin with proanthocyanidins as a promising vehicle of indocyanine green for photo-thermal therapy of glioma
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2019
De-Li ZhuGe, Li-Fen Wang, Rui Chen, Xin-Ze Li, Zhi-Wei Huang, Qing Yao, Bin Chen, Ying-Zheng Zhao, He-Lin Xu, Jian-Dong Yuan
Photothermal therapy has been employed as an effective treatment for cancer [5]. Indocyanine green (ICG) is a natural dye consisting of two polycyclic moieties and an intermediate carbon chain. ICG absorbs near infra-red light (650–900 nm) and produces thermal effect in vitro and in vivo. ICG has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a clinical near infra-red optical imaging contrast enhancer because of its low toxicity and being safe in the body. ICG has already been applied to cardiac output detection and liver function in clinical practice [6]. Because of its unique infra-red photothermal (PTT) and photodynamic (PDT) effects, ICG has attracted the attention of many researchers in the field of photothermal therapy of cancer [7]. However, ICG easily bonded to plasma protein in the body, and rapidly metabolized by the liver, causing its short half-life (about 2–4 min) in vivo. These drawbacks made ICG impossible to concentrate a sufficient dose inside tumour tissue for imaging or photothermal therapy purposes.