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Oral Nutritional Supplements and Appetite Stimulation Therapy
Published in Michael M. Rothkopf, Jennifer C. Johnson, Optimizing Metabolic Status for the Hospitalized Patient, 2023
Michael M. Rothkopf, Jennifer C. Johnson
Nabilone is another pharmaceutical CB sometimes mentioned for appetite stimulation therapy. It is approved as an antiemetic. Nabilone is administered in doses of 1–2 mg, 2–3 times a day. In a recent study of 65 lung cancer patients, nabilone increased caloric intake by an average of 342 kcal/day (Turcott et al. 2018). Adverse effects are similar to dronabinol.
Emesis
Published in Michael JG Farthing, Anne B Ballinger, Drug Therapy for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, 2019
Gareth J Sanger, Paul LR Andrews
The cannabinoid, nabilone, is used to treat mild-to-moderate nausea and vomiting evoked by cytotoxic chemotherapy that is unresponsive to conventional anti-emetic drugs, at established proven doses. Its mechanism of action is not clear but it is thought to act at cannabinoid receptors within brainstem nuclei co-ordinating the emetic reflex.
The clinical use of cannabinoid therapies in oncology patients
Published in Betty Wedman-St. Louis, Cannabis, 2018
Paul J. Daeninck, Vincent Maida
Radiotherapy involving specific body areas (abdomen, chest, whole brain) can induce nausea and vomiting (RINV), but very few reports of the use of cannabinoids to treat this condition are found in the literature. Those that are published mainly employ pharmaceutical cannabinoids [52]. A recently published placebo-controlled study demonstrated that global measurement of quality of life for patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancer is not improved nor worsened using nabilone [53]. Secondary measures of pain, appetite, weight gain, and nausea were also not impacted using nabilone. The authors postulated that nabilone on its own is not potent enough to have impact upon symptoms such as pain and nausea. A second recently published study of patients with previously treated head and neck cancer patients surveyed their use of medical cannabis. Fifteen respondents endorsed the use of cannabis (smoked, vaporized, or eaten) in the treatment of long-term residual effects of radiation, including pain, appetite, and weight maintenance [54].
Medication overuse headache: an overview of clinical aspects, mechanisms, and treatments
Published in Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 2020
Abouch V. Krymchantowski, Carla C. Jevoux, Ana G. Krymchantowski, Rodrigo Salvador Vivas, Raimundo Silva-Néto
The cannabinoid nabilone was evaluated for intractable MOH patients in a randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, cross-over study in Italy with 30 patients. The subjects received 0.5 mg/day of oral nabilone for 8 weeks followed by 8 more weeks in which 400 mg ibuprofen was given daily in a blinded sequence. Between the two active drug periods, there was a wash-out phase of 1 week [67]. The synthetic cannabinoid CB1-receptor agonist nabilone was significantly superior than ibuprofen after 20 weeks of follow up in reducing headache severity, consumption of acute medications, and in improving quality of life (QoL) indicators such as Short-Form (SF)-36. Despite the conclusion that nabilone is efficacious for the MOH treatment, the knowledge about its long-term efficacy and safety is warranted according to the authors of the study [67].
Synthetic cannabinoid for the treatment of severe chronic noncancer pain in children and adolescents
Published in Canadian Journal of Pain, 2022
Naiyi Sun, Natasha Cunha, Shawnee Amar, Stephen Brown
Nabilone is an orally administered synthetic cannabinoid and analogue of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which is the main psychoactive component in cannabis. It is licensed in Canada and United States as an antiemetic for management of nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy. The use of nabilone for treatment of chronic pain is off-label. Nabilone acts as an agonist of two endogenous cannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2. Stimulation of the CB1 receptor, which is located in neuron terminals throughout the nervous system, reduces neuronal excitability. Stimulation of the CB2 receptor results in anti-inflammatory effects. Nabilone has also been shown to improve sleep in adults likely due to the sedative effects of THC.8
Investigational drugs for the treatment of cancer cachexia: a focus on phase I and phase II clinical trials
Published in Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, 2019
Alessio Molfino, Maria Ida Amabile, Antonella Giorgi, Massimo Monti, Vito D’Andrea, Maurizio Muscaritoli
Moreover, another randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial evaluated as secondary endpoints the effects of nabilone on appetite changes, and fluctuation of body weight in head and neck cancer patients during radiotherapy compared with placebo [43]. The nabilone-treated patients did not report any benefit in terms of amelioration of nausea, appetite and body weight during the entire study [43].