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Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders
Published in Philip B. Gorelick, Fernando D. Testai, Graeme J. Hankey, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Hankey's Clinical Neurology, 2020
Morales-Briceno Hugo, Victor S.C. Fung, Annu Aggarwal, Philip Thompson
Drug combinations associated with SS: Phenelzine and meperidine.Tranylcypromine and imipramine.Phenelzine and SSRIs.Paroxetine and buspirone.Linezolid and citalopram.Moclobemide and SSRIs.Tramadol, venlafaxine, and mirtazapine.
Disorders
Published in Jonathan P Rogers, Cheryl CY Leung, Timothy RJ Nicholson, Pocket Prescriber Psychiatry, 2019
Jonathan P Rogers, Cheryl CY Leung, Timothy RJ Nicholson
MAOI tyramine (‘cheese’) effect (Shulman et al., CNS Drugs 2013; 27(10): 789–97) Causes a hypertensive crisis.Occurs in patients on MAOIs in combination with foods high in tyramine.Risk is lower on moclobemide.Effect can also occur in patients who take the OTC nasal decongestants pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine with an MAOI.
Psychopharmacology EMIs
Published in Michael Reilly, Bangaru Raju, Extended Matching Items for the MRCPsych Part 1, 2018
Fluoxetine.Haloperidol.Lofepramine.Moclobemide.Olanzapine.Paroxetine.Sulpiride.Trifluoperazine.Zolpidem.Zopiclone.
Deaths related to MDMA (ecstasy/molly): Prevalence, root causes, and harm reduction interventions
Published in Journal of Substance Use, 2018
Drug interactions are another contributor of MRDs. When autopsies and toxicology reports are conducted, MDMA is very rarely the only drug found in the victim’s blood (Schifano et al., 2003; Ghodse et al., 2001). Alcohol, for example, is sometimes ingested with or before MDMA in pursuit of a better high (Rigg, 2017a). Cocaine and other stimulants are also sometimes co-ingested in an effort to sustain levels of alertness and boost energy during all night rave parties (Rigg & Sharp, 2018; Boeri et al., 2008). And MDMA users have been known to smoke marijuana to prolong their high once the effects of the MDMA begin to wane (Rigg, 2017b; Boeri, Sterk, & Elifson, 2004). Others report mixing MDMA with a wide variety of prescription medications, ranging from opioid analgesics (Rigg & Sharp, 2018; Kurtz et al., 2005) to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (Copeland, Dillon, & Gascoigne, 2006). Additionally, benzodiazepine medications are sometimes taken for their sedative properties to counteract the simulant effects of MDMA and/or alleviate the unwanted symptoms of MDMA’s so-called comedown stage (Rigg & Sharp, 2018; Kurtz, Buttram, & Surratt, 2017; Singer et al., 2004). There is also evidence that MDMA is co-ingested with Viagra and other erectile dysfunction medications to enhance and lengthen sexual experiences, a practice known as “sexstasy” (Narvaez et al., 2001). Additionally, there have been reports that moclobemide, a prescription medication used to treat depression, is also used in conjunction with MDMA (Vuori et al., 2003).
Predicting serotonin toxicity in serotonin reuptake inhibitor overdose
Published in Clinical Toxicology, 2023
Joyce Cooper, Stephen B. Duffull, Geoffrey K. Isbister
The frequency of serotonin toxicity in the population following an overdose that includes an SSRI or SNRI is 13.6% and does not change much for increasing doses ingested, but is increased for an SNRI vs. an SSRI. Moclobemide increases the risk of serotonin toxicity when co-ingested with an SSRI or SNRI. Serotonin receptor antagonists, particularly risperidone and olanzapine, appear to have protective effects against the development of serotonin toxicity, when ingested with an SSRI or SNRI. Further exploration of genetic pre-disposition for serotonin toxicity will hopefully assist in identified patients most at risk.
Pharmacotherapy and nutritional supplements for seasonal affective disorders: a systematic review
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2018
Olivia Cools, Kaat Hebbrecht, Violette Coppens, Laurence Roosens, Andy De Witte, Manuel Morrens, Hugo Neels, Bernard Sabbe
Seven studies investigated the effect of SSRIs as a treatment for SAD. Five of these studies focused on fluoxetine, and one each on sertraline and citalopram. All of them found the SSRI to have a significant positive effect on mood. These studies are detailed in Table 1. An open-label study by Childs et al. [41] found a significant improvement in the SIGH-SAD-29 over a fluoxetine administration period of 5 weeks. Lam and colleagues [42] explored the effectiveness of fluoxetine in a double-blind randomized controlled trial (DB-RCT). They demonstrated a significant increase in response rate in patients treated with fluoxetine (59%) compared with those treated with placebo (34%), although there was no significant difference in the continuous outcome measures. Partonen and Lönnqvist showed that moclobemide and fluoxetine had a similar beneficial impact on mood symptoms [40]. Rhurmann et al. [17] and Lam et al. [57] compared fluoxetine with light therapy and found a significant improvement in mood in both groups but not a significant difference between them. Moscovitch and colleagues [58] conducted a large-scale DB-RCT (n = 186) showing a significantly greater effect of sertraline on all mood measures compared with placebo. The study designs of Ruhrmann et al. (1998), Lam et al. (1995 and 2006), and Moscovitch et al. (2004) were set up to include a 1-week placebo control period before SSRI/placebo intervention for all study participants [17,39,42]. These three fluoxetine studies show repeatedly significant effects in an extremely strict DB-RCT design. The study of Moscovitch et al. had a strict DB-RCT design. However, it is the only sertraline study. Future studies must reproduce their study to be able to draw more general conclusions. Lastly, Martiny and colleagues investigated the prevention of relapse (see Table 2) by citalopram versus placebo following a light therapy exposure for 7 days; however, they could not demonstrate a significant difference [44].