China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Neurological Disease
Published in John S. Axford, Chris A. O'Callaghan, Medicine for Finals and Beyond, 2023
Diagnosis is based on the type, character and pattern of the headache. Typical migraine is a unilateral throbbing headache that may be associated with nausea, vomiting, photo- and phonophobia and is often preceded by visual or sensory auras; the pattern of the attacks is often stereotyped. Migraine can occur with (classical migraine) or without (common migraine) aura; and migraine aura can occur without headache (also known as ‘acephalgic’ or ‘silent’ migraine). Clinical examination is usually normal. When no headache is reported, the differential diagnosis, especially in the elderly, includes TIA. The presence of positive visual and somatosensory symptoms (tingling), of malaise, nausea and fatigue, and of a prior history of common or classical migraine all suggest migraine rather than TIA, even in the elderly.
Neurologic disorders in pregnancy
Published in Hung N. Winn, Frank A. Chervenak, Roberto Romero, Clinical Maternal-Fetal Medicine Online, 2021
Robert Burger, Terry Rolan, David Lardizabal, Upinder Dhand, Aarti Sarwal, Pradeep Sahota
Migraine headaches are usually a moderate or severe unilateral or bilateral throbbing or pulsating headache with associated increased sensitivity to light, noise, or physical movement and may be accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Migraine pain also commonly involves the neck and medial shoulders in addition to the head. The usual duration of a migraine headache is 4 to 72 hours. Up to 25% of migraine headaches may be preceded or accompanied by an aura. The aura is due to neuronal dysfunction that is thought to move through the cortex and is accompanied by decreased regional blood flow (1).
Headache
Published in Philip B. Gorelick, Fernando D. Testai, Graeme J. Hankey, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Hankey's Clinical Neurology, 2020
Migraine headache is feature full, i.e. attacks have some combination of nausea, light or sound sensitivity, or sensitivity to movement, with typical change physiology triggers such as sleep, eating, and exertion. None of these is a feature of a tension-type headache.
Increased visinin-like protein-1, YKL-40, lipocalin-2, and IL-23 levels in patients with migraine
Published in Neurological Research, 2023
Ahmet Dündar, Vugar Cafer, Hamza Aslanhan, Hasan Hüseyin Özdemir, Ahmet Yilmaz, Mehmet Uğur Çevik
Our study was carried out in Dicle University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology. The migraine patients were clinically assessed by a neurologist. This study was approved by the ethics committee of Dicle University (18.05.2018/175), and written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their inclusion into the study migraine diagnosis was carried out in accordance with the international classification of headache disorders-III diagnostic criteria [16]. The patients in the migraine group were divided into two subgroups. It was determined that only 50 patients had migraines without aura, while the remaining patients all had migraine with aura. The exclusion criteria of the study were as follows: diabetes, thyroid dysfunction, pregnancy, cardiovascular diseases, chronic illnesses, renal diseases, infectious diseases and metabolic diseases.
Are 5-HT1 receptor agonists effective anti-migraine drugs?
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2021
Masaru Tanaka, Nóra Török, László Vécsei
The exact cause of migraine is unknown. A pain attack was linked to vasodilation and thus, the vascular theory of Wolff proposed that migraine headache was initiated by vasospasm causing focal cerebral ischemia leading to transient neurologic symptoms and followed by compensatory vasodilation. The brain acidosis and the stimulation of the pain nerve endings cause a headache [6]. However, the vascular events are considered to be a part of mechanism in a migraine headache. The neurovascular theory of De Vries holds that a series of neural and vascular incidents cause migraine in which a neurogenic initiator leads to the alteration of the cerebral vasculature. The vascular pulsation activates stretch receptors, leading to the release of neuropeptides including CGRP from the perivascular nerves [7].
A device review of Relivion®: an external combined occipital and trigeminal neurostimulation (eCOT-NS) system for self-administered treatment of migraine and major depressive disorder
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2021
Oved Daniel, Roni Sharon, Stewart J. Tepper
Patients with migraine complain of headaches, reported as pain, pressure, or both, as well as associated symptoms such as sensitivity to light and/or sound and nausea. The intensity, frequency, and duration of patients’ symptoms may vary between migraine episodes. The location of the perceived pain may vary as well between episodes, and can be unilateral, bilateral, frontal, posterior, or global [22,23]. Migraine-associated differences in location and fluctuation of severity have been defined as dysregulated sensory thresholds [22]. According to this notion, migraines are characterized by a change in excitability thresholds, which tend to increase or decrease even within the same individual, as a function of the migraine cycle phase. Furthermore, following this variance, stimulation efficacy is optimal when administered in accordance with the current spatial distribution of pain during an episode. Due to this instability, adequate excitation of different locations, such as the right and left sides of the trigeminal nerve branches, requires a separate PNS channel for each location.