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Homologous Edman-Type Reagents in Microsequence Analysis of Polypeptides
Published in Ajit S. Bhown, Protein/Peptide Sequence Analysis: Current Methodologies, 1988
B. Wittmann-Liebold, J. Shan-Wei, J. Salnikow
The reagent should possibly be volatile; then the removal of the excess of reagent after the reaction would not cause losses of peptides or proteins in any of the different sequencing modes. So far, only PITC and methylisothiocyanate (MITC) meet this demand.
Agrochemicals: A Brief Overview
Published in Dongyou Liu, Handbook of Foodborne Diseases, 2018
Various chemicals active toward insects, mites, nematodes, weed seeds, fungi, or rodents are used for soil or structural fumigation, or for fumigating postharvest commodities. They are in the gaseous form at the time they exert their pesticidal action but can be liquids that readily vaporize (e.g., ethylene dibromide), solids that can release a toxic gas on reaction with water (e.g., phosphine released by aluminum phosphide), or gases (e.g., methyl bromide). Fumigation of postharvest commodities, such as wheat, cereals, and fruits, to eradicate pest infestations, typically occurs where the commodities are stored (e.g., warehouses, grain elevators, and ship holds). After treatment, mechanical ventilation aerates the commodity until concentration of the fumigant decreases to safe levels. Methyl bromide has been extensively used as a fumigant for several decades, but it is thought to contribute to ozone depletion in the stratosphere, and for this reason it has been phased out worldwide (121). In recent years, 1,3-Dichloropropene has been increasingly used as a replacement for methyl bromide, because of its relatively favorable toxicological and environmental profiles (122,123). Another alternative to methyl bromide is metam-sodium, widely used as a soil fumigant (124). Its toxic action toward soil nematodes, fungi, and weed seeds are due to its hydrolysis product, methyl isothiocyanate (MITC), which is also a metabolite in mammals (125). Acute toxicity is low, but it can act as a contact sensitizer, inducing allergic dermatitis, which is attributable to MITC (126). Sulfur compounds are also widely used as pesticides, including fumigants. For example, elemental sulfur, considered the oldest of all pesticides and used by the Greeks as early as 1000 BC (127) still represents one of the most heavily used crop protection chemicals, and it can be used in organic farming (128). Sulfur dioxide is used as a fumigant because of its antimicrobial properties, particularly in the treatment of grapes held in cold storage. Sulfuryl fluoride is also used as a fumigant, particularly for structural fumigation and for postharvest fumigation of stored commodities.
Exploring new structural features of the 4-[(3-methyl-4-aryl-2,3-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-2-ylidene)amino]benzenesulphonamide scaffold for the inhibition of human carbonic anhydrases
Published in Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2019
Simona Distinto, Rita Meleddu, Francesco Ortuso, Filippo Cottiglia, Serenella Deplano, Lisa Sequeira, Claudia Melis, Benedetta Fois, Andrea Angeli, Clemente Capasso, Rossella Angius, Stefano Alcaro, Claudiu T. Supuran, Elias Maccioni
To an ethanolic solution of 4-aminobenzenesulphonamide (1 eq), methyl isothiocyanate (2 eq) was added dropwise. The mixture was heated under reflux until the completion of the reaction (10 h). The progress of the reaction was monitored by TLC (ethyl acetate/n-hexane 2/1). Then the reaction was cooled overnight in the fridge. A precipitate was formed which was collected by filtration under vacuum and crystallised from ethanol to afford the desired product.