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Constipation
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Osmotic Agents: Osmotic laxatives help fluids move through the colon. Examples include prescription strength polyethylene glycol (Golytely, Nulytely)8 or over-the-counter products such as lactulose (Kristalose, 10–20 gm/day) and polyethylene glycol (Miralax). Magnesium oxide is a useful supplement in treating constipation.9 Typically, to relieve constipation, doses range from 1,000–2,000 mg/day. Magnesium citrate (citrate of magnesia, Citroma, 240 ml orally one time) is effective and has a number of health benefits, including improved calcium absorption, increased gastrointestinal motility, stool softening, and others.9 Magnesium hydroxide (2.4–4.8 gm) in the form of milk of magnesia can also be effective.10 Magnesium sulfate (10–30 gm) in the form of salts should only be used for occasional treatment of constipation, and doses should be taken with a full 8 oz. glass of water.10,11
Nutritional and Dietary Supplementation during Pregnancy
Published in “Bert” Bertis Britt Little, Drugs and Pregnancy, 2022
Antacids are classified based on their content: aluminum, calcium, magnesium, magaldrate, sodium bicarbonate, and combinations of any of these. Antacids are the most common over-the-counter and prescribed gastrointestinal medications used by pregnant women. Combinations of aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide are used in popular commercial preparations (e.g., Maalox, Mylanta, Riopan, and Gelusil). Calcium carbonate is also a very popular antacid (e.g., Tums, Titralac, Rolaids, and Chooz).
Medical Patients with Epilepsy
Published in Stanley R. Resor, Henn Kutt, The Medical Treatment of Epilepsy, 2020
Aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and calcium carbonate preparations are in wide use for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease and sundry ill-defined stomach ailments. Some of these preparations can decrease the absorption of PHT horn the GI tract, but this effect appears to be quite variable (18). A single report also suggests that the absorption of some VPA preparations can be increased by some but not other antacid formulations (20,21). When feasible, given the uncertainties of changes in VPA or PHT bioavailability during concomitant antacid therapy, these AEDs should be administered either 1 to 2 hours before or 2 hours after taking the antacid. AED plasma levels should be followed during concurrent therapy to screen for significant interactions.
Oral formulation of Prussian blue with improved efficacy for prophylactic use against thallium
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2023
Nidhi Sandal, Vivek Kumar, Pooja Sharma, Mahendra Yadav
Tl adsorption of FF1-FF3 was studied in SGF (pH 2.5) and compared with F15 (PB granules only). The percentage adsorption of FF1-FF3 showed a significant increase with 2–3 times higher than F15 alone. These results indicated that the pH of SGF (pH 2.5) was increased due to the addition of pH modifying agents, resulting in increased binding of Tl to PB. However, magnesium hydroxide granules showed three times higher percentage adsorption suggesting the combination of PB granules with magnesium hydroxide granules as the best strategy to achieve the objective of the present study. Magnesium hydroxide also has the added advantage of being used in PB therapy. One of the side effects of PB therapy is constipation and the removal of fecal matter having Cs/Tl bound with PB should be excreted out at the earliest. Magnesium hydroxide suspension is recommended for easing constipation and improving the therapeutic effectiveness of PB.
The impact of solid-state form, water content and surface area of magnesium stearate on lubrication efficiency, tabletability, and dissolution
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2021
Julie L. Calahan, Shubhajit Paul, Evelyn G. Yanez, Daniel DeNeve, Changquan C. Sun, Eric J. Munson
Magnesium hydroxide was purchased from Fluka (St. Louis, MO). Stearic acid and palmitic acid were purchased from TCI (Tokyo, Japan). Magnesium chloride hexahydrate was purchased from EMD (Darmstadt, Germany). Phosphate buffer was prepared from sodium phosphate monobasic and sodium hydroxide, purchased from BDH Analytical (Radnor, PA). Tablet excipients Avicel PH102 (microcrystalline cellulose, MCC) and α-lactose monohydrate were obtained from FMC Biopolymer (Philadelphia, MA) and Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO), respectively. The commercial MgSt samples were from Beantown (dihydrate) and Alfa Aesar (disordered), and the Peter Greven (monohydrate). The commercial and lab-synthesized MgSt samples are denoted ‘C’ and ‘LS’, respectively, throughout the manuscript. Indomethacin (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) was used as a model drug for direct compression formulation.
Sucroferric oxyhydroxide for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2018
Stuart M. Sprague, Jürgen Floege
Magnesium-containing phosphate binders, such as magnesium hydroxide and magnesium carbonate, have been utilized in clinical practice for several decades [19]. Although these agents can effectively lower serum phosphorus levels, the potential for hypermagnesemia and the requirement to monitor serum magnesium levels limit their use [19]. Magnesium carbonate is also combined with calcium acetate into a fixed-dose combination phosphate binder, calcium acetate/magnesium carbonate [20].