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The art and science of surgery
Published in Lois N. Magner, Oliver J. Kim, A History of Medicine, 2017
Although few Americans today are familiar with the work of Joseph Lister, some vague memory of “Lister the germ-killer” survived in advertisements for Listerine. The name of this product added the suggestive value of Lister's name to the ancient tradition of strong-smelling wound disinfectants. During the 1870s Listerine was sold to doctors and dentists as a general antiseptic and mouthwash. Since the 1920s, Listerine has been sold to the public as a “germ killer” for the prevention of colds, sore throats, and bad breath.
Antibacterial Activity of Seaweeds and their Extracts
Published in Leonel Pereira, Therapeutic and Nutritional Uses of Algae, 2018
In a previous work, Choi et al. (2012) found that the edible green seaweed Ulva linza (formerly Enteromorpha linza} displays potent antimicrobial activity against Prevotella intermedia and Porphyromonas gingivalis without side effects at a moderate dose. Additionally, a mouth rinse containing U. linza extract has shown clinical effects against gingivitis, and activity against two bacterial strains (P. intermedia and P. gingivalis) (Cho et al. 2011). This mouth rinse produced effects similar to those of Listerine®. To discover therapeutic agents against periodontitis from the seaweed with few or no side effects and potent antimicrobial activity, Park et al. (2013) isolated and identified active antimicrobial compounds from U. linza extract, and presented data regarding its antimicrobial activity against several oral pathogens. The MIC values of stearidonic acid were 312.50 pg mL−1 against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, 312.50 pg mL−1 against Candida albicans (yeast), 39.06 pg mL−1 against Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. vincenti, and 1.250 pg mL−1 against Streptococcus mutans. The MIC values of gamma-linolenic acid were 78.12 pg mL−1 against A. actinomycetemcomitans, 78.12 pg mL−1 against C. albicans, 9.76 pg mL−1 against F. nucleatum subsp. vincenti, and 625 pg mL−1 against S. mutans. Triclosan and chlorhexidine, which are broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents found in toothpaste, soap, deodorant, detergents, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, plastics, and fabrics (Nudera et al. 2007, Haraszthy et al. 2006), were used as positive controls. The MIC values of triclosan were not determined against A. actinomycetemcomitans, 312.50 pg mL−1 against C. albicans (yeast), 4.88 pg mL−1 against F. nucleatum subsp. vincenti, not determined against S. mutans, 1.250 pg mL−1 against P. intermedia, and 78.12 pg mL−1 against P gingivalis. The MIC values of chlorhexidine were 4.88 pg mL−1 against A. actinomycetemcomitans, 4.88 pg mL−1 against C. albicans, 2.44 pg mL−1 against F. nucleatum subsp. vincenti, 9.76 pg mL−1 against S. mutans, 1.22 pg mL−1 against P. intermedia, and 1.22 pg mL−1 against P. gingivalis. The MIC of triclosan was 23 pg mL−1 for P. intermedia and 6 pg mL−1 for P. gingivalis, and the MICs of chlorhexidine were 67.5 and 125 pg mL−1, respectively (Park et al. 2013).
Facts and ideas from anywhere
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2021
The COVID-19 pandemic has handed the $30 billion fresh-breath industry—mouthwashes, mints, breath strips, and gels—a real challenge. Retail sales in 2020 dropped 20% compared to the previous year. Some Listerine fans got excited in the summer of 2020 when research showed that antiseptic mouthwashes containing alcohol and essential oils—such as menthol, thymol, methyl, and salicylate (the active ingredients in Listerine)—can kill the virus that causes COVID-19 in a Petri dish. Unfortunately, that does not mean that Listerine can help control the disease in people. The virus lurks in the lungs and the throat, not just the mouth. The company claims that Listerine kills germs—up to 99.9% of those in our mouths. A study in India found that rinsing with an antiseptic mouthwash is at least as effective as controlling gum disease by flossing!
Pilot study on selective antimicrobial effect of a halitosis mouthrinse: monospecies and saliva-derived microbiome in an in vitro model system
Published in Journal of Oral Microbiology, 2021
Márcia Botelho Dinis, Melissa Agnello, Xuesong He, Wenyuan Shi, Nini Chaichanasakul Tran
Current halitosis treatments generally focus on reducing the overall bacterial growth through antimicrobial components in mouthrinses. Listerine, a mixture of essential oils originally formulated as a surgical antiseptic, is a commonly used mouthrinse [20]. Other antimicrobial mouthrinses such as chlorhexidine (CHX), cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), and triclosan are used to control oral pathologies, including halitosis, and have been shown to have a marked effect on oral microbes [21,22]. Recently, Therabreath Fresh Breath Rinse (FBR) with an ‘OXYD-8’, a patented formulation of chlorine dioxide, has been marketed as an anti-halitosis mouthrinse, but its efficacy has not been investigated. We hypothesized that this oxidative component may have an impact on the anaerobic halitosis-associated bacteria. While microbial overgrowth contributes to halitosis, the complexity and highly individualized nature of the oral microbial community creates a challenge in identifying a common cause and effective treatment. To date, the effect of halitosis mouthrinse has mainly been performed on single species, but its impact at the microbial community level has not been investigated due to the lack of a suitable experimental model.
Invading Deeply into Self and Everyday Life: How Oral Health-Related Problems Affect the Lives of Child Sexual Abuse Survivors
Published in Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 2020
Siri Søftestad, Vibeke Kranstad, Therese Varvin Fredriksen, Tiril Willumsen
In addition to challenges regarding dental treatment, which clearly extend over long periods of life, many of the informants emphasized how other forms of mouth-related problems affected their daily routines. The main impression is that the informants were constantly balancing between avoidance and completion when it came to oral self-care because these activities were associated with extreme discomfort and trauma-reaction. Fiona and George gave their respective examples as in the following: I don’t know, it is just a matter of getting it done. I hate brushing my teeth. It is an awful thing for an adult to say (laughter). So, I bought a liquid called Listerine for gums, because my gums are aching; I rinse my mouth in the evenings before bedtime.Yes, it is disgusting, I find brushing my teeth disgusting, although … the paste does not … there is not a bad smell from the paste, but it is … unpleasant to have the toothbrush inside the mouth, in a way, yes.