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Alginate and Hydrogel Applications for Wound Dressing
Published in Se-Kwon Kim, Marine Biochemistry, 2023
Dina Fransiska, Ellya Sinurat, Fera Roswita Dewi, Hari Eko Irianto
Wound healing is a complex and ongoing process influenced by various factors, and it requires the right environment to recover quickly. Various wound dressings, such as fiber, sponge, hydrogel, foam, hydrocolloid, and others are used for wound treatment. Hydrogels are commonly employed in the biomedical industry because they may give mechanical support and a wet environment for wounds (Zhang & Zhao, 2020).
Principles of wound care
Published in Nicola Neale, Joanne Sale, Developing Practical Nursing Skills, 2022
Dressings for diabetic foot ulcers must be chosen with particular care as excess moisture and occlusive environments can cause bacteria to multiply quickly, and spread infection. People with diabetes do not display the classic signs of infection, and their circulation can be affected by peripheral arterial disease. Historically, hydrocolloid dressings have been avoided in people with diabetes, favouring antimicrobial products such as iodine and honey. Dumville et al. (2017) has reviewed their use and suggest that the use of an antimicrobial dressing instead of a non-antimicrobial dressing may increase the number of diabetic foot ulcers healed and there is probably little difference between the risk of adverse events between systemic antibiotic and antimicrobial treatments for diabetic foot ulcers.
Treatment of Pressure Sores
Published in J G Webster, Prevention of Pressure Sores, 2019
Many synthetic occlusive dressings are available and can be divided into four groupings, each with its advantages and disadvantages (Mulder and LaPan 1988). Figure 14.6 points out the advantages and disadvantages of each type of synthetic occlusive dressing when used on pressure sores. Hydrocolloid dressings are adhesive, gel-producing, water-impermeable membranes. They can be left on for up to one week, and commonly have an adhesive wound contact face, an impermeable outer face, and an exudate-absorbing component that is usually carboxymethylcellulose. They are easy to apply, but may be messy and disruptive when used on high-exudate wounds. Polyurethane and thin film dressings are transparent-adhesive dressings that are often difficult to use. They can be troublesome to apply and may be disrupted or removed by patient movement. It is also common to have exudate leakage due to the minimal absorption of the dressing. Bio-dressings and gels are similar groupings of dressings. They are usually hydrogels of water and polyethylene oxide, have a reinforced polyethylene film, and have a high water content. They are more appropriate for use on abrasions and superficial wounds than pressure sores.
Comparative lyophilized platelet-rich plasma wafer and powder for wound-healing enhancement: formulation, in vitro and in vivo studies
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2019
Ghada E. Yassin, Marwa H. S. Dawoud, Reham Wasfi, Ahmed Maher, Ahmed M. Fayez
In addition, wafers are classified according to their disintegration time and drug release into rapid disintegration wafers and sustained release wafers. In general, the polymer type and structure of a wafer determines its release profile. Furthermore, wafers can be classified into single-layer and multi-layer wafers according to their structure. The polymers used can be water soluble or insoluble, pH sensitive and/or muco-adhesive. The administration route, site of application, indications, and release profile are based on the desired type of wafer. Wafers can be used topically or internally. They have a high drug loading capacity, effective drug absorption, and long contact time [20,21]. Various hydrocolloids (e.g. sodium carboxymethylcellulose, Na CMC) can be used to prepare wafers, which are commonly used in the dressings as it absorbs the liquid from the wound exudate, form a gel, and keeps the moisture at the wound site [28]. Hydrocolloids absorb liquid and form a gel in the presence of wound exudate. Hydrocolloid dressings are used for different types of ulcers in diabetic or non-diabetic patients. Na CMC is selected for wafer preparation as it is non-toxic, biodegradable, non-immunogenic, water soluble, and highly viscous [29].
Clinical efficacy of 1,444nm Nd:YAG laser for xanthelasma palpebrarum
Published in Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2020
Ji Hyun Park, Sook in Ryu, Il-Hwan Kim
Before the procedure, patient’s eyes were protected using eyeshields. Lesions were anesthetized with an injection of lidocaine combined with 1:105 epinephrine. All the lesions were treated with 1,444 nm Nd:YAG laser (Accusculpt; Lutronic Corp., Goyang, Korea) using a fiber-type internal probe, and the total energy was within the range of 2.0 W-2.8 W. The treatment endpoint was the moment when the color of the lesion changed. The treated patients were educated to apply antibiotic ointment and cover with hydrocolloid dressings for 10–14 days. If the lesion recurred or residual lesion persisted, the procedure was repeated. If the patient was satisfied with the clinical result, no further treatment was performed.
The use of autologous platelet-rich plasma gel increases wound healing and reduces scar development in split-thickness skin graft donor sites
Published in Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2019
Zhuoqun Fang, Xuekang Yang, Gaofeng Wu, Mengdong Liu, Juntao Han, Ke Tao, Dahai Hu
STSG is widely used in burn treatments and plastic surgeries to cover and repair skin and soft tissue defects [18]. This surgical operation creates an acute wound with different levels of dermal appendage damages. The idea of treating STSG donor sites with simpler, more effective and reliable methods and materials for the STSG donor site has garnered a lot of attention. If the donor site heals rapidly, undesirable scarring, severe infection and the pain during dressing changes can be minimised; this would thus reduce the hospital stay duration and treatment costs [19]. Many studies have reported on the methods of improving the healing of STSG donor sites: Sarthak analysed and summarised that hydrocolloid dressings were superior to other substrates in terms of their effects at the donor site [20]. Kimberly reported that oxygen-diffusion dressings decreased the healing time at donor sites [21]. Sagray considered that providing the donor sites a moist environment enhances the re-epithelialisation of wounds [22]. Each modern dressing change has its own advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional way of dressing change. For example, hydrocolloid dressings could provide a moist environment for the wound surface and reduce bacterial invasion. However, the adhesion of hydrocolloid dressing decreases with water and because of this it needs to be changed more frequently. The use of foam dressings could alleviate the patient's pain but the foam dressings have little anti-infective effect which would increase the risk of wound infection. The oxygen-diffusion dressings could also improve the wetting degree of the wound surface but the specific mechanisms are still unclear. These factors remind us to compare the experimental group with modern wound dressing methods as you said and it is a limitation in the design of our study.