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Measurement of the level of equity in healthcare services
Published in Songül Çınaroğlu, Equity and Healthcare Reform in Developing Economies, 2020
Changing income inequality affects the concentration index measure of income-related health inequality. The concentration index summarizes information from the concentration curve and can do so only through the imposition of value judgments about the weight given to inequality at different points in the income distribution (Wagstaff et al., 2011).
Child Health
Published in James Matheson, John Patterson, Laura Neilson, Tackling Causes and Consequences of Health Inequalities, 2020
Consider the following questions: Do you know where to signpost people for benefits advice?Is there a food bank that your patients might be able to use?What parenting programmes are available locally?What services are offered by the local children’s centre?What is the best way of helping this person access psychological support?How can I help my colleagues, students and trainees to understand this better?2. Generate evidence of good practice and effectiveness. The NHS Long Term Plan requires proposed health programmes to state how they reduce health inequality and advocate within the NHS and wider government sectors [26].
Health inequalities
Published in Joachim P Sturmberg, Carmel M Martin, The Foundations of Primary Care, 2018
Joachim P Sturmberg, Carmel M Martin
Health inequality has been correlated to socio-economic status. At the individual level, socio-economic status regardless of whether it is measured by occupation, education or household income, is strongly correlated with an individuals health. Daly described the complex relationship as
The effect of job security on safety behavior with the moderating role of salary: a structural equation model
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2022
Mohammad Abri, Shahram Vosoughi, Jamileh Abolghasemi, Jamshid Rahimi, Hossein Ebrahimi
Economic status is another factor that may influence safety behavior. Social and economic status are known as a major cause of health inequality. Those living in poor, low-salary social and economic environments are exposed to higher risk [18,19]. Human societies are separated into different social classes, and each belongs to a particular social and economic class according to specific criteria of economics, education, personal wealth and profession. Nowadays, the kind of employment, the hours of unemployment and holidays vary based on social classes. In fact, people from the upper classes generally have more knowledge and information. For this reason, decision-making for their lifestyle is based on awareness and knowledge of the issues of health. But people with low socioeconomic status do not have desirable behavior and attitude toward health [18,20].
Incarceration during a pandemic: A catalyst for extending the conceptual terrain of occupational deprivation
Published in Journal of Occupational Science, 2022
Elizabeth M. Phelps, Rebecca M. Aldrich
As a means of redressing a social cause of health inequality that disproportionately impacts already marginalized and disenfranchised communities (Novisky et al., 2021; Nowotny et al., 2020), engaged groups of stakeholders can identify alternatives to the punitive use of occupational deprivation and work to redesign carceral environments and other settings to show that all individuals are worthy of public health measures regardless of their circumstances. An occupational perspective can be brought to efforts to advocate for and enact change, using expanded conceptual foundations to frame issues in ways that resonate with other professionals and policy makers and inspire urgency within them. Ultimately, to fully address the problems laid bare by the COVID-19 pandemic, action must be taken before the next crisis begins: the design of occupationally depriving settings and circumstances must be altered, and the conceptualization used to take action for equity must be expanded and acted upon to better support that effort.
Perceptions of physicians, medical and nursing students concerning shared decision-making: a cross-sectional study
Published in Acta Clinica Belgica, 2021
Gabriël Rafaël Cantaert, Ann Van Hecke, Kim Smolderen
Shared decision-making is useful in clinical settings which pose a strain on patients and providers and are accompanied by uncertain outcomes [4]. It is especially suitable when the treatment decisions are elective and equally effective [5]. The main advantages at individual patient level are; improved satisfaction, less decisional conflict, better knowledge, feeling more secure about the treatment decisions and less decisional regret [5–7]. This effect seems to be stronger among disadvantaged groups, reducing health inequality [8]. Ting et al. [9] add that SDM might improve therapy concordance and safety. Furthermore, health-care costs can be reduced because patients chose less often for invasive surgery [5,10]. Overall, it is recommended to consider SDM due to its ethical nature in empowering patients in their autonomy and self-determination, and by greatening trust between clinicians and patients [6,11,12].