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Inhibiting Low-Density Lipoproteins Intimal Deposition and Preserving Nitric Oxide Function in the Vascular System
Published in Christophe Wiart, Medicinal Plants in Asia for Metabolic Syndrome, 2017
Melicope triphylla (Lam.) Merr. produces the furoquinoline alkaloids, dictamine, evolitrine, and pteleine, which at 100 μg/mL, inhibited the aggregation of platelets exposed to arachidonic acid.204 The same alkaloids at the same concentration inhibited the aggregation of platelets challenged with collagen by 55%, 89%, and 87%, respectively.204 Dictamine, evolitrine, and pteleine inhibited at 100 μg/mL platelet-activating factor induced aggregation by 31%, 29%, and 28% and inhibited the aggregation evoked by ADP by 54%, 81%, and 44%, respectively.204 From the plant, skimmianine and kokusaginine inhibited the aggregation of platelets evoked by arachidonic acid at 50 μg/mL by 68.9% and 100%, respectively.204 Quinoline alkaloids of Rutaceae often inhibit platelet aggregation in vitro.
Inhibition of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases by different furoquinoline alkaloids
Published in Xenobiotica, 2020
Yixuan Li, Weihua Zhang, Tingting Yin, Ce Wang, Feige Wang, Jing Sun, Lina Liu, Qinghuai Zhang, Chunze Zhang
With the rapid development of the extraction process of herbal active ingredients, herbal organic solvent extracts and monomer compounds are being studied more widely. The study of monomeric compounds provides a more intuitive understanding of their efficacy and side effects (Lin et al., 2019; Tang et al., 2017). Furoquinoline alkaloids are a class of structurally similar nitrogen-containing basic substances that are present in organisms (mainly plants) and have strong physiological effects on humans and animals (Michael 2004). They are widely found in nature and are often the main active ingredients of many Chinese herbal medicines such as Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim, Dictamni Cortex, Hypericum perforatum, Herba Asari, Phellodendron chinense, and so on (Liu, Wei, et al., 2011; Wu et al., 1999; Zhang et al., 2011; Zhang, Wang, et al., 2017). At the same time, some studies have shown that furoquinoline alkaloids had a wide range of biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects, antibacterial and anti-malarial effects (Basco et al., 1994; Kouam et al., 2017; Rasamison et al., 2016). In this study, four furoquinoline alkaloids with strong biological activity, namely dictamnine, γ-fagarine, haplopine and skimmianine (Figure 1) are studied. The metabolism of furoquinoline alkaloids in living organisms is closely related to UGTs. Glucuronidation is a metabolic process that occurs as a result of the catalytic action of phase II metabolic enzymes (Huang et al., 2017; Wang et al., 2016). However, the study between phase II metabolic enzymes and furoquinoline alkaloids is still incomplete.