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Antineoplastic Drugs during Pregnancy
Published in “Bert” Bertis Britt Little, Drugs and Pregnancy, 2022
Anthracycline antibiotic antineoplastics include daunorubicin (Cerubidine), doxorubicin (Adriamycin, Rubex), and inhibit nucleic acid synthesis and are nonspecific cell cycle phase agents. Daunorubicin is approved to treat neuroblastoma and acute leukemias. Doxorubicin is approved to treat acute leukemias, lymphomas, Wilms tumor, sarcomas, and carcinomas (bladder, breast, ovary, gastric, thyroid, and small-cell cancers).
Cancer
Published in Vincenzo Berghella, Maternal-Fetal Evidence Based Guidelines, 2022
Elyce Cardonick, Charlotte Maggen, Puja Patel
Leukemic blasts can accumulate in peripheral blood causing significant leukocytosis which occludes the vasculature and can lead to respiratory or neurologic disease. This can be further aggravated by pregnancy. Treatment may require urgent leukapheresis at any gestational age [77]. Chemotherapy after the first trimester would be similar to regimens used for non-pregnant women including cytarabine and an anthracycline. For concerns with idarubicin mentioned previously, daunorubicin is recommended instead of idarubicin in pregnancy.
Respiratory, endocrine, cardiac, and renal topics
Published in Evelyne Jacqz-Aigrain, Imti Choonara, Paediatric Clinical Pharmacology, 2021
Evelyne Jacqz-Aigrain, Imti Choonara
Doxorubicin and its analogue epirubicin are largely used in the treatment of paediatric solid malignancies. The doses differ from one tumour to another: from 15 to 60 mg/m2 every 4 weeks for doxorubicin, from 40 to 100 mg/m2 every 3 to 4 weeks for epirubicin. Daunorubicin is used in the treatment of acute leukaemias at doses of 30 to 60 mg/m2 every 3 to 4 weeks.
Outcome and complications of pediatric acute promyelocytic leukemia in Bangladesh
Published in Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 2022
Eshita Reza Khan, Afiqul Islam, Chowdhury Yakub Jamal, Md. Anwarul Karim, ATM Atikur Rahman, Md. Golam Hafiz, Abdul Khaleque
Among 28 suspected APL (from bone marrow morphology) patients, eight patients had negative RT-PCR reports and were excluded from this study. The rest of the 20 patients were included in the study. In all patients ATRA-based therapy was started except one patient who expired on the first day of admission from early hemorrhagic death. During induction, one patient from the high risk group died from complicated differentiation syndrome on day 24 and another patient from the standard risk group expired from ischemic stroke on day 28. Two patients (both in the standard risk group) were treated with daunorubicin instead of idarubicin due to financial constraints. Post-induction remission was achieved in 17 (85%) patients. During consolidation, 3 patients from the high risk group expired from neutropenic sepsis. Post-consolidation remission was achieved in 14 (70%) patients. There was no refractory case, therefore ATO-based salvage therapy was not required. The surviving patients had no relapse or any other event and are alive in remission for 20-34 months (Figure 2).
Evaluation of nanoscaled dual targeting drug-loaded liposomes on inhibiting vasculogenic mimicry channels of brain glioma
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2021
Hong-Jun Xie, NorBu Zhan-Dui, Jing Zhao, A. G. A. Er-Bu, Pu Zhen, DongZhi ZhuoMa, Tre Sang
Daunorubicin is widely used in treating a variety of cancers. The underlying mechanism that daunorubicin takes effects is mainly by interfering DNA and RNA synthesis in the cellular nuclei [21]. Rofecoxib is a cyclooxygenase 2 selective inhibitor, which is used for the treatment of inflammations. Increasing evidence has exhibited that rofecoxib could inhibit the formation of VM channels in the tumour tissues [22]. In this study, a type of dual targeting drug-loaded lipid vesicles was developed by modifying the liposomes with two functional materials, TPGS1000–GLU and DSPE–PEG2000–GGPFVYLI. The constructed nanoscaled liposomes could be transported across the BBB by via receptor-mediated endocytosis and adsorptive mediated endocytosis, thereby eliminating brain glioma by triggering their necrosis and apoptosis.
GGP modified daunorubicin plus dioscin liposomes inhibit breast cancer by suppressing epithelial–mesenchymal transition
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2020
Xue-min Yao, Feng-ju Niu, Liang Kong, Fu-yi Cai, Ming Jing, Min Fu, Jing-jing Liu, Si-yu He, Lu Zhang, Xin-ze Liu, Rui-jun Ju, Xue-tao Li
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death for women worldwide [21]. The vigorous proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells threaten the lives of breast cancer patients [22]. EMT is a pivotal step in the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer. EMT can promote metastasis, tumor recurrence, and treatment resistance in the context of cancer [23]. Daunorubicin is a chemotherapeutic agent that has a strong killing effect on tumor cells. Dioscin can inhibit EMT process, effectively inhibit tumor cell invasion and metastasis, and regulate the apoptosis process mediated by various pathways. However, daunorubicin and dioscin also have their own defects, namely the toxic side effects of daunorubicin and the water-insolubility of dioscin, and the low targeting of the two drugs in the body. Therefore, it is considered to encapsulate daunorubicin and dioscin in liposomes to play a synergistic role. In this study, GGP modified daunorubicin plus dioscin liposomes were prepared to combat breast cancer, and the possible mechanism is shown in Figure 1.