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Continuous Monitoring of Superoxide Production by Phagocytes
Published in Robert A. Greenwald, CRC Handbook of Methods for Oxygen Radical Research, 2018
The first continuous assay for O2− production reported used cytochalasin E as a stimulant:7 It was apparent from these studies that there was a delay between the addition of the stimulant and the onset of O2− production. A continuous assay for superoxide production by guinea pig peritoneal cavity-elicited cells was reported. It utilized digitonin, which had previously been shown to activate the respiratory burst of PMN.9 In these studies, both the rate of O2− production and the lag time (an index of the rate of activation of the oxidase) were examined. The effects of chemical and physical perturbations on both of these processes were investigated.9,10
Lichenochemicals: extraction, purification, characterization, and application as potential anticancer agents
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery, 2020
Mahshid Mohammadi, Vasudeo Zambare, Ladislav Malek, Christine Gottardo, Zacharias Suntres, Lew Christopher
Crystallization is a process in which a solid-state of a molecule is formed, where the atoms or molecules are highly organized into a structure known as a crystal. In lichen studies, crystallization aids the isolation of lichenochemicals of pharmaceutical interest [24]. The lichen compounds are characterized based on the physical properties of their crystals, which is useful in chemotaxonomic studies [42]. Microcrystallization was successfully used in the isolation of lecanoric acid crystals from a methanol solution of Melanelia subaurifera extracts under vacuum [61]. Recently, amorphous crystals from cytochalasin E with promising anticancer activity on colorectal cancer cells were obtained from the lichen Pleurosticta acetabulum [37].