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Special Measurement Techniques
Published in Sujoy K. Guba, Bioengineering in Reproductive Medicine, 2020
Four electrode technique is adopted by using electrodes in the form of a ring instead of small plates. The ring form ensures good contact with the tissue. One of the configurations developed is shown in Figure 2.10. On the outer surface of a plastic tubing four silver foil ring shaped electrodes are placed. Wire leads from the electrodes are brought out to the current source and the voltage measuring device along the inner wall of the tube. Diameter of the tube is so selected that it fits snugly within the vagina thereby giving good electrical contact of the electrodes with the vaginal mucosa but not exerting excessive pressure. Too high a contact pressure will impede tissue perfusion thus giving an erroneously low assessment of blood supply. Electrical current passed has frequency above 20 kHz and magnitude below 2 mA so as not to produce any tissue irritation. It is to be ensured that the device before insertion is sterilized and Cidex solution can be used for this purpose.
General Principles of Microsurgery on Animals
Published in Yanlin Wang-Fischer, Manual of Stroke Models in Rats, 2008
Yanlin Wang-Fischer, Brant D. Watson, Lee Koetzner
Cidex® OPA Solution (a Johnson & Johnson product) is a high-level disinfectant (HLD) for use in reprocessing heat-sensitive medical devices. Cidex OPA Solution provides high-level disinfection in 12 minutes at room temperature (20°C) and is particularly active against mycobacteria, including glutaraldehyde-resistant strains of Mycobacterium chelonae. Cidex OPA Solution has the broad materials compatibility of glutaraldehyde (but does not contain glutaraldehyde), requires no activation, and has minimal odor (Figure 9.3). Cidex OPA Solution is replacing Cidex and Cidex Plus owing to their toxicity concerns.
Surgical Trauma-induced CCL2 Upregulation Mediates Lung Cancer Progression by Promoting Treg Recruitment in Mice and Patients
Published in Cancer Investigation, 2022
Su Zhao, Xiaoyu Zheng, Xidong Zhu, Jinfeng Ning, Kaibin Zhu, Yubo Yan, Jian Zhang, Jianlong Bu, Mengfeng Liu, Shidong Xu
When the tumor volume reached 100–200 mm3 (8 days after injection), the mice were randomly divided into two groups (n = 6 per group): (1) control group (animals in this group did not undergo any procedures); (2) surgical trauma group (mice in this group were anesthetized via the injection of ketamine (51.4 mg/kg) and xylazine (3.3 mg/kg)). All instruments used were sterilized by autoclave or with Cidex before surgery. In accordance with the study of Buvanendran (22) and Wang (23), we performed thoracotomy on mice. Briefly, mice were endotracheally intubated with a 16-gauge catheter and mechanically ventilated with a small animal volume-controlled ventilator (Harvard Inspira, Harvard Apparatus, MA, USA), which was set up according to the body weight of each animal. A 3 cm long incision was made in the skin along the right fourth intercostal line. All mice received penicillin injection intraperitoneally to prevent the occurrence of infection after surgery. Mice with serious hemorrhage and postoperative infection were excluded. All the surgical procedures were performed by one person. All the mice were sacrificed when the experiment was completed. Subsequently, the tumor was harvested and assessed. The tumor volume (V) was calculated as follows: volume = (length × width2) × 0.5.
Excessive sedentary time during in-patient stroke rehabilitation
Published in Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation, 2018
Matthew Barrett, John Charles Snow, Megan C. Kirkland, Liam P. Kelly, Maria Gehue, Matthew B. Downer, Jason McCarthy, Michelle Ploughman
Attachment of the electrodes to the chest required extensive shaving of chest hair especially among men. Since data was to be collected for seven continuous days, we pretested methods to secure the Actiheart to the chest such that the wire connecting the leads would not be hooked thereby dislodging the apparatus. Once the device was charged, and after shaving and preparing the skin, we used 3M Red Dot electrodes to secure the leads and then two overlapping 20 cm strips of 2″ Kinesiology Tape (Theraband, Akron OH) layered over the entire device. Ten of 27 applications required complete reapplication due to unsatisfactory signal. The device was checked twice per day and four required reapplication 3–4 days into data collection because the tape detached. Failure of the tape occurred after bathing and dressing. Neither the participants nor the nursing staff expressed problems with the Actiheart. Actiheart units were cleaned by soaking overnight in Cidex OPA solution (Johnson&Johnson, Markham ON, Canada) followed by soak and rinse in tap water.
Video laryngoscopy-assisted tracheal intubation in airway management
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2018
Chia-Chih Liao, Fu-Chao Liu, Allen H. Li, Huang-Ping Yu
The Pentax Airway Scope (AWS) is a monitor-integrated channeled video laryngoscope developed since 2006. It includes a handle, a disposable blade, and a tube guidance system (Figure 3). It supports real-time visibility on the on-hand monitor. The monitor has a wide viewing angle and a 2.4-inch color LCD screen mounted onto an orange handle. Therefore, it can provide clear images of the larynx and glottis. In addition, a cross-hair is displayed on-screen to help aiming for the glottis. The orange handle is connected to an anatomically shaped, rigid, transparent, and disposable blade. The light and camera system are located at the tip of the blade. The single-use blade encloses and protects the image tube completely from oral contamination. It also has two side grooves for the endotracheal tube and a suction catheter preloaded. The Pentax is powered by two AA batteries, which last for about 1 h. It can also be connected to external monitors or video recording devices by a video output port. Besides, the Pentax is waterproof and can be sterilized by alcohol or cidex.