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Nanomedicine Against COVID-19
Published in Hanadi Talal Ahmedah, Muhammad Riaz, Sagheer Ahmed, Marius Alexandru Moga, The Covid-19 Pandemic, 2023
Saima Zulfiqar, Zunaira Naeem, Shahzad Sharif, Ayoub Rashid Ch., M. Zia-Ul-Haq, Marius Moga
Being highly stable, it is necessary to inactivate SARS-CoV; for this purpose, bleach, povidone-iodine, ethanol, benzalkonium chloride, chloroxylenol, and chlorhexidine, are commonly used disinfectants depending upon the configuration of the material infected with it [42]. Nowadays, nanotechnology is widely used in almost every field of life. It is preferably used, because it does not affect the healthcare and housekeeping staff; even though, chemical-based, nanoparticle-based, and bio-based disinfectants are used. Nanomaterial and nanoparticles exhibit the characteristic of inactivation of bacteria, fungi, yeasts, and viruses via different pathways.
Antiseptics, antibiotics and chemotherapy
Published in Michael J. O’Dowd, The History of Medications for Women, 2020
Leonard Colebrook was also responsible for the introduction of chloroxylenol, a chemical related to carbolic acid, as suitable antiseptic to kill streptococci on the bare hands. The antiseptic became known as Dettol (Hare, 1970).
Common Cosmetic Ingredients: Chemistry, Actions, Safety and Products
Published in Heather A.E. Benson, Michael S. Roberts, Vânia Rodrigues Leite-Silva, Kenneth A. Walters, Cosmetic Formulation, 2019
Chloroxylenol is reported to have the lowest potential to cause allergy out of a group of 10 preservatives studied. The incidence of allergy with chloroxylenol was 10 times lower than for formaldehyde (Jong et al., 2007).
Influence of protamine shell on nanoemulsions as a carrier for cyclosporine-A skin delivery
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2019
M. Javiera Alvarez-Figueroa, José María Abarca-Riquelme, José Vicente González-Aramundiz
In the mid-twentieth century, Zondek observed systemic toxicity when the external disinfectant chloroxylenol was applied locally for the treatment of urogenital diseases. From his observation, it was concluded that a topical application could cause a systemic drug absorption (Pastore et al. 2015). Since then, the skin route has begun to receive greater attention not only for local treatments but also for systemic treatments. The transdermal route has advantages such as: ease of use and self-administration, good patient compliance because it offers a simple and comfortable therapeutic regimen to patients which reduces intra- and inter-patient variability, lower first-pass metabolism, are less painful than injections, and possible sustained delivery (Alvarez-figueroa et al. 2012; Schoellhammer et al. 2014). However, the skin and its primary function, to enclose and protect the human body and prevent the penetration and retention of the majority of external agents (including drugs), raise the challenge of crossing the outermost and impermeable skin layer called the stratum corneum (Morteza et al. 2017). Therefore, in order to take advantage of the benefits of the skin administration route, more technology in delivery systems must be developed.
Treatments for inverse psoriasis: a systematic review
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2020
Kelly A. Reynolds, Deeti J. Pithadia, Erica B. Lee, Jashin J. Wu
The evidence supporting the utility of antiseptics for the management of inverse psoriasis is mixed. Arnold et al determined that addition of 0.5% chlorhexidine to 0.05% clobetasol cream did not result in a statistically significant improvement in inverse psoriasis cure rates compared to the high-potency corticosteroid alone (24). Leigheb et al. randomized 40 patients to apply a topical 2% eosin solution with or without 0.3% chloroxylenol. However, the combination antiseptic led to significantly faster rates of remission compared to eosin alone (p < .01). However, while groups using both antiseptic solutions showed improvement of symptoms, there was no clinical or statistical difference between groups (25).
Glial-derived neurotrophic factor is essential for blood-nerve barrier functional recovery in an experimental murine model of traumatic peripheral neuropathy
Published in Tissue Barriers, 2018
Chaoling Dong, E. Scott Helton, Ping Zhou, Xuan Ouyang, Xavier d‘Anglemont de Tassigny, Alberto Pascual, José López-Barneo, Eroboghene E. Ubogu
In order to mimic a traumatic peripheral neuropathy with endoneurial microvascular disruption, non-transecting sciatic nerve crush injury was performed in age- and sex-matched adult (>12 weeks old) GDNF WT, HET and CKO mice at least 4 weeks following tamoxifen injection. Survival surgery using aseptic techniques was performed on a temperature-regulated heated platform. Mice were anesthetized with inhalational isoflurane and hind limb hair removed bilaterally using Nair® hair remover. The operative sites were cleaned with 3% chloroxylenol for 2 min. Buprenorphine 0.1 mg/kg body weight was administered subcutaneously as a local analgesic prior to surgical incision.