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Rosmarinic Acid: A Boon in the Management of Cardiovascular Disease
Published in Mahfoozur Rahman, Sarwar Beg, Mazin A. Zamzami, Hani Choudhry, Aftab Ahmad, Khalid S. Alharbi, Biomarkers as Targeted Herbal Drug Discovery, 2022
Md. Adil Shaharyar, Mahfoozur Rahman, Kumar Anand, Chowdhury Mobaswar Hossain, Imran Kazmi, Sanmoy Karmakar
Oral carcinogenesis was induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz anthracene (DMBA) to investigate the inhibitory anti-cancer activities of rosmarinic acid. For this study, the biomarkers involved in lipid peroxidation (LPO), Inhibitory effects of rosmarinic acid against DMBA-induced oral carcinogenesis by evaluating both the expression patterns of immunity (p53 and bcl-2) and biochemical markers (LPO, antioxidants, and detoxification enzymes) (Anusuya et al., 2011). Phytochemicals like carnosol, ursolic acid, carnosic acid obtained from rosemary have anti-oxidant and chemoprotective properties. These act by inhibiting the P-glycoprotein and can cause food-drug interaction (Nabekura et al., 2010)
Recent Advancements of Curcumin Analogs and Curcumin Formulations in Context to Modern Pharmacotherapeutics Perspectives
Published in Debarshi Kar Mahapatra, Cristóbal Noé Aguilar, A. K. Haghi, Applied Pharmaceutical Practice and Nutraceuticals, 2021
Animeshchandra G. M. Haldar, Kanhaiya M. Dadure, Debarshi Kar Mahapatra
The combined Curcumin with carnosic acid has tested the effect of growth on human breast cancer cells by Einbond et al.32 Significant effects have been measured by treating breast cancer cells with carnosic acid individuals or combined with curcumin on gene expression and cell proliferation. Carnosic acid showed proliferation of ER-negative breast cancer cells inhibition and selected for Her2 overexpressing cells and can thus have cancer stem cell inhibition. Combined carnosic acid and curcumin can play a major role in the prevention and treatment of triple-negative breast cancer.
Herbal Product Development and Characteristics
Published in Anil K. Sharma, Raj K. Keservani, Surya Prakash Gautam, Herbal Product Development, 2020
Mirian Pateiro, Rubén Domínguez, Predrag Putnik, Danijela Bursać Kovačević, Francisco J. Barba, Paulo S. E. Munekata, Elena Movilla Fierro, José M. Lorenzo
The essential oils extracted from the leaves of Salvia genus, especially from S. officinalis L., have a great antioxidant activity, but still lesser than those found in other essential oils of the same family (Estevez et al., 2007). However, its effect on lipid oxidation, lipid-derived volatiles, and degradation of PUFA is higher than synthetic antioxidants like BHT, which makes it a good alternative against synthetic antioxidants. Carnosic acid and carnosol are the phenolic compounds responsible of its activity as free-radical scavengers (Estevez et al., 2007).
Natural inhibitors for acetylcholinesterase and autophagy modulators as effective antagonists for tau and β-amyloid in Alzheimer’s rat model
Published in Biomarkers, 2023
Mervat Hassan, Hisham Ismail, Olfat Hammam, Abdullrahman Elsayed, Othman Othman, Sohair Aly Hassan
Even though various extract components have demonstrated a high probability of descent activity on specific target enzymes, only Ellagic Acid, Rosmarinic Acid, and Taxifolin may exhibit inhibitory activity on all five enzymes (Figures 6 & 7). Furthermore, when compared to a currently available therapeutic option such as Donepezil, certain substances such as Taxifolin-Metabolite1, Ellagic Acid-Metabolite 2, and Ellagic Acid-Metabolite 3 may exhibit equivalent or even better activity against all target enzymes (Table 7). These findings suggest that both entire extracts have the potential to improve Alzheimer’s patients. Although, the results were insufficient to precisely determine the exact compounds to have a high contribution to the overall outcome improvement. Interestingly, although Carnosol and Carnosic acid were found to improve the symptoms of Alzheimer’s Disease as anti-inflammatory agents (Satoh et al. 2022). However, such influence wasn’t predicted for the above-mentioned targeted enzymes.
Comparison of the Protective Effect of Salvia officinalis and Rosmarinus officinalis Infusions Against Hepatic Damage Induced by Hypotermic-Ischemia in Wistar Rats
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2020
Sana Bahri, Ridha Ben Ali, Raed Abdennabi, Dorra Ben Said, Mona Mlika, Mohamed Kacem Ben Fradj, Michelle Véronique El May, Saloua Ben Khamsa Jameleddine
Otherwise, HPLC analysis showed also that carnosic and rosmarinic acids’ levels in R. officinalis L. infusion are practically similar (29.27 vs. 31.28 mg/L, respectively). In contrast, the content of rosmarinic acid is slightly higher than that of carnosic acid in S. officinalis L. infusion (39.35 vs. 28.43 mg/L, respectively). Carnosic acid was reported to play an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities among others (28). Rosmarinic acid was also described to play the role of an antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, antidiabetic, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, hepato- and renal-protectant agent among others (29). Together, carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid were reported to play an antifibrotic and andioxidative effects due to their synergistic pro-apoptotic action on lung fibroblasts and myofibroblasts (30). The presence of these compounds both in S. officinalis L. and R. officinalis L. infusion can also boost the protective effects observed by the treatment of these two medicinal plants.
Genomics of Detoxification: How Genomics can be Used for Targeting Potential Intervention and Prevention Strategies Including Nutrition for Environmentally Acquired Illness
Published in Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2020
Sharon R. Hausman-Cohen, Lee J. Hausman-Cohen, Grant E. Williams, Carol E. Bilich
In cases of partial or complete loss of function of NQO1, a few interventions have been noted to help reduce damage from benzenes. The most ideal interventions seem to involve restoring NQO1 function to normal levels. Particularly in heterozygotes expressing half function, sulforaphane (broccoli, kale, cabbage, etc.) in moderation has been demonstrated to restore apparent full function in in vitro studies (43). Similar effects have been demonstrated in response to carnosic acid, commonly found in rosemary (44), and alpha lipoic acid (45). Furthermore, sulforaphane and alpha lipoic acid have been shown directly to diminish the effects of benzene toxicity, confirming the biological significance to the upregulation of NQO1. Further studies on the benzene-protective effects of carnosic acid are thus warranted, but currently no such effect has been demonstrated. What these supplements have in common is an apparent activation of the Nrf2 pathway upstream of NQO1 (43–45)—providing a target of upregulation that may be addressed by yet other supplements or dietary changes. However, it is unclear if these interventions can restore sufficient function in the cases of those with variants in both copies of the gene, and so in those rare cases extra care should be taken to avoid benzenes. For these individuals with partially or fully impaired NQO1 pathways, there may be benefit found in pushing glutathione pathways or providing oral glutathione. One intermediate metabolite of benzene (benzene oxide) has been demonstrated to conjugate with glutathione for efficient removal and deactivation of this product (46) however this has not yet been studied as a sufficient mechanism in terms of significantly alleviating benzene toxicity.